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COLLECTION - Comprising item #10864-10881, and #11166.

FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
AND
THE HISTORY OF NURSING



CONTENTS:


MANUSCRIPTS BY FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE 3

MANUSCRIPTS RELATING TO FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE 10

WORKS BY FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE 13

WORKS ON FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE 34

GENERAL HISTORY OF NURSING 58

MODERN REFERENCE 61

BIBLIOGRAPHY 62

 
MANUSCRIPTS BY FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE



1. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Fine long, early ALS (Signed “Florence”) to Miss Strutt, one of her Derbyshire friends. n.d. [1840]. 118 lines on 8pp. 8vo. Minor cracking where previously folded expertly and imperceptibly strengthened otherwise in excellent condition.
Provenance. A small red stamp at the head of the letter shows that it was part of the collection belonging to the Red Cross which was sold at auction early in the twentieth century.
“I hope you enjoyed yourself at Chatsworth and are going to spend a merry Christmas. We are viz, at Waverley, the Nicholson’s place who, good souls, are going to give a ball and play. They have just been giving us their welcome presence here, when the same by our ‘unparalleled exertion’ was arranged. Marianne has heard the great man Thalberg and describes his Oberon piece as transcending even his Mose in Egitto. We are almost hoping for him in this part of the country again. Winter has set in here fairly already, we have had some snow and much frost and I am lamed already by it. We are more and more pleased with Embley, now it is finished, and the drawing room furnished at last, nothwithstanding the unusual number of unprecedented delays, made by Mr. Pratt of Bond St. Our curtains are up, our carpets are down, and our fatted pig should be killed if you would but come and see us. But how can one ask you to travel in such weather?

We have been hearing a good deal lately of the virtues of the King Consort our ‘beauteous majesty’ has taken to herself - from one of the grooms in waiting. So well bred, so handsome, so simple even according to English notions, and though both of them are ‘o’er young to marry yet’ it seems that she could not have chosen better. I wish however that she would have waited - but there was a certain tender sorrow at parting which betokened her to be really fond of him. Parthe is certainly better, even those who have not seen her for some time think so. We hope to hear from you soon pray do not spare our four pences, I must not say, pray do not spare your time, but do give us a little line of news.

A friend of ours, a Neapolitan poetess ye daughter of Irene Contessa di Camaldoli, whose name is well known in Naples, has just written to us to ask if we could not help her to circulate in England a Recital of songs and duets, by her husband Capecelatro, the nephew of the Archbishop of Tarento, of blessed memory; not for virtues but for his 9 or ten cats, whose great parts and entertaining ways caused them always to have a seat at his table. The said Capecilatro is now bringing out an opera of his own at Paris of which we heard some part last winter - sung by Rubini, Tamburini and Lablache - at one of the Paris concerts; he is coming over next spring to produce another at our Opera ‘Catherine Howard’ (the libretto by his wife) but is anxious to spread his fame a little first by the Recuil price 16/ called the Eco di Sarrento. He is a beautiful composer and the finest piano forte player, always excepting the two or three, you know. She is a sister of one of the exiles and we were very much interested in, not only her singing but herself. Could you suggest any disposal of some of the copies which she is going to send us over.

We are so glad to hear that Mrs Strutt is so much better; we have been unpacking lately to our great delight all our foreign goods. Dear Miss Strutt, I must not let my letter run out in the unreasonable length of my last, so with all our best loves, believe me ever your affectionate Florence. Embley Dec. 9.

This time two years ago we were toiling along the sands at Nice or to Church on Xmas day under parasols with breakfasts out of doors and orange trees in full bloom announcing their presence a mile off by the scent. Shall we all take up our tents and pitch them there or build an Island? What a fine place England migrated would be? I am glad to hear that Pauline Garcia’s ‘Barbure di Seviglia’ at Paris has not succeeded for it will make her take more pains.”
The Strutts, along with Richard Monkton Milnes were among the Derbyshire friends of the Nightingale family. (See Cook Vol. I p. 26, 34). Waverly is Waverly Abbey, near Farnham, Surrey, where one of Florence Nightingale’s many aunts Mrs Nicholson, resided. Her daughter, Marianne, Florence’s cousin, was a great friend. In 1851 she was to marry Captain (afterwards Sir) Douglas Galton, who later was to became so closely associated with Florence Nightingale’s work on the sanitary condition of the army. Waverly Abbey was the scene of family reunions at Christmas time, which usually involved private theatricals in the organisation of which Florence took a leading part. In 1837 Mr. Nightingale had decided to carry out extensive alterations at Embley and, partly to be out of the way while this was in progress, the family spent the years 1837-9 on a prolonged European tour. The winter of 1838-9 had been spent in Paris. What gave Florence the greatest pleasure on this tour was the Italian opera. She wrote that she would like to go to the opera every night, as she was, as she wrote to Miss Clarke, “Music-Mad”. She returned to Embley in September 1839 but, as can be seen from this letter, she was still very much interested in opera. By the winter of 1840, as we gather from Florence’s comments, the refurbishment at Embley was nearly at an end.

“Parthe” is Florence’s sister Parthenope, Later Lady Verney. The sisters loved each other greatly but their character and interests were very different. Parthenope did the expected thing, made a good marriage and settled down.

The reference to Queen Victoria is of particular note. Later in life Florence’s work was to bring her to the notice of the Queen, who admired what she had done in the Crimea, supported her, and with whom she had several important interviews. The Queen herself, noting Florence Nightingale’s astonishing powers of comprehension, administration and organisation famously said “I wish we had her at the War Office.” In regretting that the Queen should marry so young Florence Nightingale was perhaps expressing a prejudice which was to strengthen as she grew older. Looseness and immorality had long been a problem with the kind of women who worked as nurses. It was something she kept under constant surveillance in Crimea. The least flightiness among the nurses was reprimanded and any pronounced flirtation would result in dismissal. To a real extent, to Florence Nightingale, relations between the sexes got in the way of work. She herself avoided marriage and poured all her creativity into the work to which she came to dedicate her life. It is true that later on she came much to admire Prince Albert’s understanding and his contribution to his adopted country. But at this early stage Florence Nightingale was perhaps seeing in the young queen a parallel to herself and hoping that she might set an example of the single life devoted to service which, in the event, was to be her own choice.
An important early letter written when Florence was only nineteen years old and fourteen or so years before she began the work for which she was to become famous. At this stage of her life Florence lived the life of a fashionable young lady from a good county family, before she had begun to suffer from that discontentment of the limitations of such a life and before she began so earnestly to look for a serious vocation. The tone of the letter is the light-hearted one of a young girl. Though in her obsession with the opera can be seen an anticipation of that capacity for total absorption in one objective which she was later to turn to such advantage in her preoccupation with sanitation and health.


2. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Fine ALS to an unnamed correspondent from the General Hospital, Balaclava, April 28th 1856. 42 lines on 4pp. 8vo. Slight remnant of mount on inner margin of first page not affecting the text otherwise in excellent condition.

Sir, In answer to your letter of the 9th of April I beg to say that Miss Tattersall is employed at the General Hospital at Scutari as Housekeeper. Your enquiries concerning her have been forwarded to herself and I have no doubt she will herself write to her friends - She is in good health and I have very great pleasure in bearing my testimony to her excellent character and to the very useful part she has taken in our work. She has been a most faithful and efficient help to us, throughout the time she has been out and has ever been highly respected and valued by me.

I am unable at present to answer your enquiry concerning the time when she may be expected to return, as we have as yet no directions concerning the course to be taken in regard to the Hospitals.

I remain, Sir,

Your obedt Sevt

Florence Nightingale.

Unpublished. Not in Sue M. Goldie Florence Nightingale Letters from the Crimea, 1854-1856.
Miss Tatersall is mentioned twice in the published letters of Florence Nightingale - both in letters to Lady Charlotte Canning. In a letter from Balaclava 10 May 1855 she writes of “what a useful person Miss Tatersall, the tradesman’s daughter, is turning out...” and in a letter from 30 Old Burlington Street 23 Nov. 1856 she again remarks with pleasure that various nurses including Miss Tattersall “turned out ‘all right’“. The present letter adds considerably to the information we have as to the favourable impression she made on Florence Nightingale and of the usefulness of her contribution to the work at Balaclava.
Soon after this letter Florence Nightingale was herself struck down with Crimean fever, and was dangerously ill for 12 days. The Balaclava hospital was not closed until July 1856.


3. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. ALS to H. Seymour Tremenheere, postmarked Jan. 1857. From Combe Hurst, Kingston on Thames. S. W. 39 lines on 3pp. 8vo. With envelope addressed by Florence Nightingale, with penny brown stamp and postmark.

My Dear sir,

Thank you very much for your letter, containing a message from Sir John Liddell.
I shall be very glad to be placed in communication with him for the object he desires.
I am very much engaged for the next few days in finishing some business. But I shall be in town early next week and shall be most happy then to see Sir John Liddell either at your house, or at 30 Old Burlington St. where I shall be, and talk the matter over with him, in the way most convenient to you and to him.

I will write to you if you will allow me, when I have my time at my own command and beg to remain, with my best compliments to Mrs Tremenheere,

Yours faithfully,

Florence Nightingale.

Hugh Seymour Tremenheere (1804-1893), Civil servant, social reformer. In 1842 he became assistant poor-law commissioner and in 1843 a commissioner for inquiring into the state of the population in mining districts. In 1861 he was appointed one of the commissioners for inquiring into the employment of children and young persons in trades and manufactures. He was a friend or at least a valued acquaintance of Florence Nightingale before she went to the Crimea. In letter of July 16, 1851 to her mother, written from Kaiserworth, in discussing who could and who could not be told where she was and what she was doing, Tremenheere is mentioned along the Bracebridges and the Herberts and the Bunsens as among those who would think it “very desirable”: as opposed to the “old ladies” whom she didn’t want informed. Cook Life of Florence Nightingale, I p. 114.

In the preparation of her Notes on the British Army Florence Nightingale enjoyed the assistance of many enlightened men who wanted to see her great work of reform succeed. Just such a man was Sir John Liddell, Director-General of the Navy, for whose first meeting with Florence Nightingale this letter paved the way. He had begged her to “take up the sailors,” and “to introduce female nurses into naval hospitals.” She went on to inspect the Haslar Hospital at his request (Jan. 1857), and he consulted her on plans for a Naval Hospital at Woolwich. Sir John in return supplied her with facts which she needed about naval stores, dietaries, and statistics. He also escorted her on a visit of inspection to Chatham, a military as well as naval station. Her old adversary Dr. Andrew Smith was exceedingly angry when he learned she had been prying into his domain there. Official sensitivities like this were often to hinder Florence Nightingale’s work. For this reason some of those who approached her for assistance did so, in Cook’s words, “with careful secrecy”. Sir John Liddell held an important public post and the present letter shows that the initial contact between him and Florence Nightingale, subsequently productive of benefit to both sides, was made via an overture directed to her by her old acquaintance Seymour Tremenheere. He was asked to arrange the meeting and be present at it. It shows also that, in Tremenheere, Florence Nightingale had an hidden ally amongst amongst senior civil servants at the heart of the establishment. See Cook Life of Florence Nightingale I p. 348-9, who, however did not know of Tremenheere’s involvement.

For other manuscripts from the Tremenheere archive see items 6-11.


PRIVATE GOVERNMENT REPORTS

4. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Important autograph letter to Mrs S. C. Hall, editor of St. James’s Magazine. March 24, 1861. Concerning an unauthorised quoting from her government reports in the Magazine. 56 lines on 4pp. 8vo and 55 lines on 4pp. respectively. In fine condition on the notepaper of 20 Old Burlington Street.

March 24/61.

My Dear Madam,

I am told that an article upon me has appeared in your St. James’s Magazine - not only quoting in several places from my two “Confidential” Government Reports, (which were never even presented to Parliament,) as if the quotations were from my published “Notes on Hospitals” etc. but also describing and giving the title at full length (in a foot-note) of the said private Report.

Can anything be done now?

In any re-issue I must request that all these passages be taken out.

But, if the type is still up, I would earnestly beg that at least the foot-note be cancelled (in every future No of this issue) It would be easy to substitute for it something of this kind. “These details may also be found in a huge folio in which Miss N’s evidence was printed, and was re-printed in her “Notes on hospitals”. The vaguer the better, because there may be a confusion in the reader’s mind.

In great haste in order to save what can be saved.

Dear Madam, Faithfully yours

Florence Nightingale.


5. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Important ALS to Mrs S. C. Hall, editor of St. James’s Magazine. March 25th 1861. Concerning an unauthorised quoting from her government reports 8vo. 55 lines on 4pp. In fine condition on the notepaper of 20 Old Burlington Street.

My dear Madam,

Very earnestly I ask you to inform me who it was who told you, “in answer to” your “enquiries, that there was no mystery about my Government Report and that any one could get it.”

As not a single copy has been sold, not published, nor a single copy given away except by application to me, it is of real importance to my justification with the Government, for me to know who made this statement.

Every copy that was given away was marked “Confidential” in writing. And the whole number thus issued cannot have been more than forty or fifty.

One other person made extracts - from it - but, sending the M.S. to me, consented to expunge them all.

I am quite sure that you could not have remembered how explicitly I wrote informing you that the report was “Private”, which information accompanied every copy that was sent out to any one even to the Princess Royal, who asked for it.

I thank you for trying to repair this error and beg you to believe me faithfully yours,
Florence Nightingale.

Provenance. Samuel Carter Hall and William Henry Goss. With the two letters is an envelope addressed in Florence Nightingale’s hand, signed and dated by her (27/1/87) to Samuel Carter Hall Esq., 24 Stanford Road, Kensington W. The envelope contains two copy letters from Florence Nightingale, to S. C Hall, both endorsed by Goss, with an autograph note from Hall about Sir Harry Verney, husband of Florence Nightingale’s sister. The envelope is endorsed by Goss at the bottom “Autograph of Florence Nightingale Recd. from Mr. S. C Hall 7th March 1887. I have printed the letters in Life of Jewitt in which she apologises for lead-pencil.”

Anna Maria Hall (1800-1881), novelist, was in 1861 editor of the St. James’s Magazine. In addition to her work as a novelist she took keen interest in philanthropy; she was instrumental in founding the Hospital for Consumption at Brompton, the Governesses’ Institution, the Home for Decayed Gentlewomen, and the Nightingale Fund. Her benevolence was of a practical nature and she worked for the temperance cause, for women’s rights, and for the friendless and the fallen. She would no doubt have been somewhat stung by the vehemence of Florence Nightingale’s letters to her and no doubt had thought that by giving publicity to Florence Nightingale’s work she was helping to advance the cause.
These letters (items 4 and 5) show Florence Nightingale at her most formidable and martinet. She had showed herself highly conscious of the need not to undermine the work she had submitted to the government by anticipating any government report containing it or publishing it herself generally. They show an intense sensitivity to the necessity of not undermining her own credibly with the government (or, more seriously, of hindering the work) by anything that might look like unilateral action.


6. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Important ALS to The Rev. C. B. Gibbon dated Sept. 12 1874. Concerning Workhouse work and work with prostitutes.

My Dear Sir,

I am not likely to ‘forget’ my dear old friend Sir Joshua Jebb: so few like him: I have none like him: And therefore I am not likely to forget you.
Many thanks for the copy of your book: ‘Philosophy, Science and Revelation’: which I shall have the greatest interest in reading and for your kind note. It interests me very much to hear that you are Chaplin of Shoreditch Workhouse: How I wish that you were Chaplin of the Highgate ‘Sick Asylum’ which we have nursed since its opening.
Where are your Shoreditch sick?

-And have you anything to do with them?

-have they Trained Nurses?

And where are your Shoreditch children?

Please take some opportunity of visiting the Highgate Infirmary: but not at once, for our Matron, Miss Hill, is away for recovery after an illness.

I wish you God speed in that Workhouse Work: more almost than in any other field of God’s harvest.

I should like you to see the work He has done among the poor ‘Prostitutes’ at Highgate infirmary: I cannot remember in any of my records so large a proportion of Magdalens who we may trust and are really doing well in ‘Homes’ and elsewhere: or who have died calmly penitent.

I hope you have comfort in this way at Shoreditch: and indeed in every way.
Excuse this brief note: pressure of business and illness: and now the being away from London for a few weeks in charge of my widowed mother: must make my apology to your kindness: but pray believe me

Ever your faithful servt.

Florence Nightingale.

The Revd.
C. B. Gibbon.

Charles Bernard Gibbon novelist and historian and author of Life with Convicts, 2v. 1862. Sir Joshua Jeb (1793-1863), surveyor general of convict prisons who was closely associated with the construction of the Model Prison at Pentonville. Florence Nightingale valued his friendship greatly, and appointed him a member of the Council of the Nightingale Fund.


MANUSCRIPTS RELATING TO FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE



“THE DYING MEN ALWAYS SEND FOR MY SISTER”

7. NIGHTINGALE, Frances Parthenope. (Sister of Florence Nightingale). Autograph Letter Signed, Embley, 28 February (c. 1854-5). 3 pages 8vo. 30 lines. In very good condition.
An important letter concerning Florence Nightingale, the first part being concerned with the publication of a pamphlet she had written, and the second with her labours in the Crimea.

Dear Madam,

I will write and ask my sister whether she objects to her pamphlet being republished, but it must be without her name I am sure. We have been applied to in all directions for it, and there are very few left. I believe you will find one still at Messers Hookham Old Bond Street.

Your kind mention of my sister would I am sure please her, she is indeed in a most anxious and difficult position and her labours seem to increase more than diminish. There are more in the Hospitals now than ever, and fever has been very rife. The deaths however were fewer the 2nd week of Feb. The week before they were 340! and the dying men always send for my sister if it is possible for her to go to them.

I remain dear Madam,

Yours sincerely,

F.P. Nightingale.

The pamphlet referred to seems to be The Institution of Kaiserworth on the Rhine, for the practical training of deaconesses, under the direction of the Rev. Pastor Fliendner, embracing the support and care of a hospital, infant and industrial schools, and a female penitentiary. London. Printed by the inmates of the London Ragged Colonial Training School, Westminster, 1851. 32pp. This was Florence Nightingale’s first publication and it was issued anonymously. According to Cook, Vol. II p. 437 List of the printed writings etc. “There was another edition (no date), with a different imprint, ‘London: Printed for the benefit of the Invalid Gentlewomen’s Establishment, I Upper Harley Street.” The present letter seems to shed light on how that second edition came about.


TREMENHEERE ARCHIVE OF PAPERS BY AND ABOUT
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE’S MOTHER ON HER DAUGHTER’S “EXTRAORDINARY LABOURS”

8. NIGHTINGALE, Frances. ALS from Lea Hurst Oct. 15 [1858]. to Tremenheere. 70 lines on 4pp. 8vo. In very good condition.

I have had much pleasure in forwarding your letter to my daughter as also in the kind expression of interest addressed to myself concerning her extraordinary labours. Her health is indeed in a most precarious state but now that she has finished the record of her wonderful experiences I cannot but hope that she will be enabled to take some more rest than she has allowed herself for a long time past and that a merciful Providence which has watched over and preserved her hitherto will think fit to prolong her valuable life for further services. That she should be alive at all after such labours appears to me almost a miracle. Her Sister’s marriage is a very happy one. I will not fail to tell her of your friendly wishes but as you may imagine what a blank is left by the absence of two (may I not say) such daughters. Mrs Bracebridge like her own kind self has been twice here this summer to comfort us and very cheering I found her strong sympathies in every thing. She is as fond of our woods and hills and rushing river and mountain as she is of our daughter. If we had not had scarlet fever in the neighbourhood we should have taken the chance of intercepting you in your way north. I hope next summer you will propose yourself if you should be passing this way or near our southern home. On Saturday we are going to Claydon to meet the Verney’s on their return home from abroad, and in another 3 weeks shall be housed for the winter at Embley.

Believe me,

very truly yours,

Frances Nightingale.



9. BRACEBRIDGE, Selina. ALS. Dated Stanstead Park Dec. 27 to Hugh Seymour Tremenheere. 60 lines on 4pp. 8vo. In good condition. With some manuscript notes in red presumably by the recipient.

A friendly and affectionate letter discussing the weather, the death of friends; “One not only grieves for the loss of the friends of ones youth, but in the afternoon of life one knows too well the gaps can never be filled up.” Going on to mention Florence Nightingale:

Florence lingers on. Working as hard as ever - but with more difficulty and whenever she loses a step in strength, she never regains it! Parthe (Parthenope, Florence Nightingale’s sister) is very happy in her married life...


“THE END MAY COME AT ANY MOMENT WITHOUT
THE LEAST WARNING”

10. BRACEBRIDGE, Selina. ALS. Dated Stanstead Park Oct. 12 [1860] about Florence Nightingale to High Seymour Tremenheere. 95 lines on 7pp. 8vo. In good condition.

About Garibaldi and the Italian Crisis with a long note on Florence Nightingale:

You will like to hear something about F.N. It is a surprise to Dr. Williams that she remains so much in the same state. There is very little increase of weakness emaciation. She obtains relief from pain only by opiates and one is quite aware that the disease in the heart is making sure, though slow progress and that the end may come at any moment without the least warning. Still she may go on for months, her mind is the same as ever. No diminution in its wonderful power! As long as this unspeakable blessing continues, one hopes it is not selfish to desire that she may be spared to us. She employs herself, though, I fear with increasing effort, in writing and working out projects for the moral, social and sanitary improvement of the soldiers, and much that she is doing I trust, must be permanent.

Of course you have seen her “Notes on Nursing.” The second edit. is much improved by re-arrangement and additions, as you aware that it is translated into Italian and French (I don’t think the French one is out yet) - The Italian is beautifully done - by an Italian Lady...


“THIS LOVELY SPOT PEOPLED BY FLORENCE’S
BRIGHT THOUGHTS”

11. BRACEBRIDGE, Selina. First page of an ALS dated from Florence Nightingale’s home, Lea Hurst Derbyshire, Sept. 12, 1861. to Tremenheere. 15 lines on 2pp. 8vo. On the notepaper headed with an engraving of Lea Hurst. Quoting part of letter from Florence Nightingale. In good condition.

“I copy you a portion of a letter rec’d today from Florence.

“The enclosed is from Phillip Holland, in answer to Mr. Tremenheere who may like to see it, in my opinion Mr Tremenheere has much the best of the argument. I do not want it back”
I write to you from this lovely spot which is to me always peopled by Florence’s bright thoughts...”

Selina Bracebridge (died Jan. 31, 1874) was one of Florence Nightingale’s life-long and dearest friends. She stayed with Florence Nightingale in Rome before the great labour of her life began. She was with her in Egypt in 1849-50 and accompanied her to Scutari where she shared Florence’s room and all her labours especially the work with the soldier’s wives. The story of Florence Nightingale’s uncertain health, as described in Selina’s letters, is well known. In fact she outlived her friend by 36 years dying only at the advanced age of 90! on 3 August, 1910. When Selina died Florence wrote of her: “She was more than mother to me.” Speaking of her and her husband Charles she wrote “He and she have been the creators of my life” and spoke of “the immense influence they had in shaping my own life.” Cook Life of Florence Nightingale, II. p. 236.

Items 3 and 7-11 comprise a small but important archive of papers relating to Florence Nightingale, all addressed to Tremenheere, including an intimate letter about Florence from her mother, two poignant letters about her illness and work by Selina Bracebridge, one of her closest friends, and a letter from Florence Nightingale herself. Taken together these suggests a closer and more important relationship between Tremenheere and Florence Nightingale than is apparent from Cook’s Life of Florence Nightingale.


WORKS BY FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE


1855

BRITISH HOSPITALS IN THE CRIMEA; THE FIRST REPORT
THE HOME OFFICE SET

12. [NIGHTINGALE, Florence.] Report upon the state of the hospitals of the British army in the Crimea and Scutari, together with an appendix. Presented to both houses of parliament by command of her majesty. London. Printed by George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode, Printers to the Queen’s most excellent majesty. 1855. Folio. [2],357pp.

bound with

Smyrna Hospital. A return of the number of sick soldiers admitted into the hospital at Smyrna, from the period of its establishment to the termination of the last quarter, with the number of deaths in the same hospital during the same time. London HMSO. 1855. Folio. 2pp.bound with
Scutari, etc. Hospitals. Copy of all official reports of the hospitals at Scutari, Kululee, Alydos, and Smyrna, since February last. London HMSO. 1855. Folio. iv,57,[1]pp. Old brown library buckram with green morocco labels, stamped in blind on the front board “Home Office”, preserving the Sessional title page and Index leaf at the front. On the back of the Index is a contemporary manuscript inscription “This Book is to be preserved in the Office of Her Majesty’s principal Secretary of State Home Department.”

First edition. Bishop and Goldie No 48.

Florence Nightingale’s contributions are to be found at pp. 34-6, 41, 330-1, 342-3, “and numerous other references to the Evidence throughout the text.” On October 9, 12 and 13 The Times published William Howard Russell’s description of the horrors of the Crimean hospitals and the lack of all preparations for the care of the sick and wounded... As a result of the anger aroused throughout the country by these articles, the Duke of Newcastle, the Secretary of State for War (1854-5) appointed a Commission of Enquiry to investigate the State of the hospitals and the condition of the sick and wounded... The Commissioners arrived in Constantinople at the same time as Florence Nightingale, who was asked by Sidney Herbert to work with the Commission in sending official reports, and, in addition, to write privately to him what she could not write officially.

Four months after their arrival, the commissioners reported to the Duke of Newcastle, and their findings were adopted and confirmed by a select committee of the House of Commons, the famous Roebuck Committee, which declared that ‘the state of the hospitals was disgraceful’. Bishop and Goldie p. 49.

The Scutari Hospital report includes communications from John Sutherland, Hector Gavin, and Robert Rawlinson.


1858
HEALTH OF THE BRITISH ARMY
“THE LEAST KNOWN BUT MOST REMARKABLE OF MISS
NIGHTINGALE’S WORKS”: COOK

13a. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Notes on matters affecting the health, efficiency, and hospital administration of the British Army, founded chiefly on the experience of the late war. By Florence Nightingale. Presented by request to the Secretary of State for War. London: Printed by Harrison and sons, St. Martin’s Lane. W.C. 1858. 8vo. [2],iv,[9],vi-xix,[1],12,2,xxx,[2],3-66,xlvii,[1],iv,67-80,xxxiv,[2],81-176,[2],177-234,xliv,235-332,xxvii,[1],333-556,lviii,557-567,[1]pp.

Detailed description including illustrations as follows:

8vo. [2] Title page reverse blank: iv Contents:[9], List of illustrations, reverse blank; blank leaf; Letter from Panmure, reverse blank; Preface, reverse blank; Digest: vi-xix, rest of the text of digest: 12 Preface: 2, “Since the landing of the British Troops...”: xxx, Preface to section I: [2 blank leaf]: 3-66: xlvii,[1]: iv “Preface to Section II”: 67-80: xxxiv; Folding plate “Plan of Scutari” [Plate 1] opp. p. viii, “Diagram... mortality in the hospitals” opp. p. [Plate 2]: [2] Return of provisions...”: 81-176: [2] Note to p. 170, reverse blank: 177-234: xliv: 235-332, Folding diagram of “The causes of mortality...” part coloured. opp. p. 315 [Plate 3]; folding “Diagrams of the mortality...” opp. p. 320 [Plate 4]: xxvii, [1]: 333-556, Turkish soldiers kitchen opp. p. 402: [Plate 5]; Folding plate. “Paris hospital de Lariboisiere” opp p. 478 [Plate 6]: lviii: 557-567,[1]pp. With 6 leaves of plates. (The collation, as given in Bishop and Goldie, does not include two (inserted?) leaves. The first “Return of provisions, etc. issued to Miss Nightingale, Barrack Hospital, from November, 1854, to December, 1855, inclusive”, though correct, is not called for. The second, “Detached memoranda on the operation of the regimental system of hospital treatment”, is called for in the list of contents but not included in the pagination. Original stiff printed lilac wrappers. Uncut and unopened. Minor scuffing otherwise a fine copy.

PMM 343. Bishop and Goldie No 50. Cook Bibliography No 8 in The Life of Florence Nightingale, 1913 vol. II p. 438. Very Rare. E, L; MH, DLC in NSTC. NUC adds NNNAM, InU, ICJ.

“On 16 November 1856 Lord Panmure, the Secretary for War, called on Miss Nightingale. When she left three hours later she not only had his promise of a Royal Commission on the Army, but she had imposed her own Chairman, Sidney Herbert, and her own Secretary, Dr. T. Graham Balfour. The Royal Warrant for the Commission, however, was not issued until 5 May 1857.

It had been agreed between Miss Nightingale and Lord Panmure that she was to report of her own experiences of hospital life. This would be placed at the disposal of the Commission but would not be generally published if army medical and sanitary affairs were properly reformed as a sequel to the inquiry.

The report consisted of a large volume of over eight hundred pages, compiled and printed within nine months of Florence Nightingale’s first meeting with Panmure.

There is not a grievance, nor a defect of the system (or lack of it), nor a remedy that is overlooked. An introduction deals with the army health in earlier campaigns. The first six chapters are concerned with the ghastly medical history of the Crimean War. This is followed by extensive and detailed recommendations on hospital organization. The rest of the book ranges far and wide over matters of army life, from sanitary requirements to pay of private soldiers.

Because, in the event, the Royal Commission did produce results, this massive report was not generally issued, but circulated only to a few friends and people of influence. Yet its existence was not only responsible for the setting up of the Royal Commission but also for the nature of most of its recommendations. The reforms thus instituted, moreover, spread far beyond the confines of the British Army and have revolutionized hospital practice throughout the world. Printing and the Mind of Man” p. 208.

The Notes, according to Sir Edward Cook’s The life of Florence Nightingale, “ ...is the least known, but the ... most remarkable of her works. It is little known because it was not published. As in the end she extracted a Royal Commission from Lord Panmure, and as the Commission was followed by practical measures, she did not feel the necessity of appealing to the public. The war office did not print her report, and thus it never became generally known how much of the Report of the subsequent Royal Commission, and how many of the administrative reforms consequent upon it, were in fact the work of Miss Nightingale. But at her own expense she printed the Notes for private circulation among influential people, and upon all who read it the work created, as well it might, a profound impression...”

Miss Nightingale’s entire aim was results not fame or publicity for herself. She had written Notes because she was impatient to get her ideas down and because she was impatient with the pace of the Royal Commission. But it would have been improper to pre-empt the Report of the Royal Commission with her own report, especially as it was produced at her own instigation, largely written by her friend Sidney Herbert with her assistance and reproduced verbatim much of what she had already written. She also felt, no doubt, that a Royal Commission must have greater authority than a monograph by an individual. As Cook puts it: “The main body of the book (i.e. Notes) was ready for press in August 1857, but it was not desirable that the Nightingale Report should forestall, even in private circulation, the publication of the Royal Commission.” Thus she sent out copies of Notes only after the appearance of the Royal Commission, by which she had allowed it to be to some extent superseded, and then very selectively to those who, she felt, might be able to influence public opinion. Writing in 1861 to Harriet Martineau, to whom she sent a copy, Florence Nightingale makes clear that she also had strong personal reasons for not wishing the book to be known publicly:

“The Report is in no sense public property. And I have a great horror of its being made use of after my death by Women’s missionaries and those kinds of people. I am brutally indifferent to the wrongs or the rights of my sex. And should have been equally so to any controversy as to whether women ought or ought not to do what I have done for the Army; though a woman, having the opportunity and not doing it, ought, I think, to be burnt alive.”
For these reasons, except for the very limited circulation already described, it may be said that Florence Nightingale effectively suppressed her own greatest work. See Sir Edward Cook The life of Florence Nightingale Vol. I.342-348;384-387.

with

FEMALE NURSING IN MILITARY HOSPITALS
“ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT OF FLORENCE
NIGHTINGALE’S WRITINGS”: BISHOP AND GOLDIE

13b. [NIGHTINGALE, Florence.] Subsidiary notes as to the introduction of female nursing into military hospitals in peace and in war. Presented by request to the Secretary of state for war. London: Printed by Harrison and Sons, St. Martin’s Lane W.C. 1858. 8vo. iv,[5],vi-x,28,133,[3],23,[1]pp. Large folding illustration (Plan of the Lariboisiere Hospital at Paris.) p. 63. Original stiff printed lilac wrappers. Uncut and unopened. Minor scuffing and tiny piece missing from the bottom of the spine otherwise a fine copy.

Bishop and Goldie No 3. Cook Bibliography No 9. in The Life of Florence Nightingale, 1913 vol. II p. 438. Very rare. L; MH, DLC in NSTC. NUC adds OCIW, NNNAM, NN, MiU, DNLM.

Lord Panmure’s instructions to Florence Nightingale of February 1857 were afterwards supplemented by a request that she would submit a Confidential Report on “The Introduction of Female Nursing into military Hospitals in Peace and War.” This ‘tentative and experimental Memorandum’ on Female Nurses in Military hospitals (Bishop and Goldie No 1), was afterwards expanded into Subsidiary Notes as to the Introduction of Female Nursing into military Hospitals in Peace and War, forming the second volume of the Notes. Its title hardly describes its scope, for it is in fact almost a treatise on nursing at large. Mrs Gaskell, in a letter of December 21, 1858, wrote: “It was so interesting I could not leave it. I finished it at one long morning sitting - hardly stirring between breakfast and dinner”.

“The purpose of the work was to prepare the way for the introduction of women as nurses in military hospitals, and to lay down the basic principles of nursing. The subject is considered in great detail from the historical, organizational and administrative points of view. Together with much that is out-dated, it contains a great deal of wisdom and is regarded as one of the most important of Florence Nightingale’s writings. It is in this work that she lays down the Draconian code for the regulation of the nurse’s life, which forms such an extraordinary feature of her teaching. On the other hand, it has to be realized that in 1858 the idea of a respectable woman entering a hospital as a nurse was very shocking, and Miss Nightingale had to anticipate strong public opposition. ‘There is nothing more dangerous than to under-value the objections of opponents,’ she wrote. ‘Let us give them their full weight, and while firmly holding our course, and trusting God to guide it, draw useful cautions from the objections which we quietly and steadily confront.’ Furthermore, she firmly asserted, in the very first paragraph, that it would be desirable ‘to consider all the plans and rules, for some time to come, as in a great measure tentative and experimental.’ Miss Nightingale, although in many respects rigid in her ideas, was nevertheless very much aware of the dangers of stagnation, which she clearly perceived in later years in the blind adherence to rules of other less able and less original than herself.” Bishop and Goldie p. 14-15.

Subsidiary Notes really constitutes Florence Nightingale’s first treatise on Nursing. Her much better known Notes on Nursing, published two years later, was an abridged version of the detailed study which had gone into this earlier, privately printed book.

Two works together in mid-twentieth century, purpose-made, blue cloth box with blue morocco labels.

Provenance. Purchased from Scribners, New York, 6 November 1945, for $100. For 59 years in the collection of Halsted B. Vander Poel. Sold by Christies London on 3 March 2004 (Lot 187) for £16,132.


“IN A SENSE THE WHOLE REPORT MAY BE REGARDED AS ONE OF FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE’S WORKS”; COOK
THE HOME OFFICE SET

14. [NIGHTINGALE, Florence.] Report of the commissioners appointed to inquire into the regulations affecting the sanitary condition of the army, the organization of military hospitals, and the treatment of the sick and wounded; with evidence and appendix. London HMSO 1858. Folio. [2],lxxxv,[1],607,[1]pp. Folding plan “Paris Hospital” at p. 460; 7 large folding mortality charts numbered 1-7 at p. 490; 11 large folding charts, some part coloured, Lettered A and B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,Z. at p. 526.; 5 large folding part-coloured plans at p.594 signed by Joshua Jebb.

With

Report of the commissioners appointed to inquire into the regulations affecting the sanitary condition of the army, the organization of military hospitals, and the treatment of the sick and the wounded. Appendix LXXIX. (In continuation of Report and Appendix presented 9th February 1858.) Presented to both houses of parliament by Command of her Majesty. London HMSO. Printed by George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode. 1858. Folio. xx,212pp.with
Report on the site, etc. of the Royal Victoria Hospital near Netley Abbey. Presented to the House of Commons by command of her majesty. London. Harrison and Sons. 1858. Folio. [2],190pp.

Two volumes folio, (the second volume including several other reports). Old brown library buckram with green morocco labels, stamped in blind on the the front boards “Home Office”, each preserving the Sessional title page and Index leaf at the front. On the back of the Index in both volumes is a contemporary manuscript inscription “This Book is to be preserved in the Office of Her Majesty’s principal Secretary of State Home Department. 1858.”

First edition. Bishop and Goldie No 51. (The separately issued Appendix LXIX not mentioned by Bishop and Goldie)

The Royal Commission was set up by Lord Panmure, largely at Florence Nightigale’s instigation. Behind the scenes she had worked on it indefatigably. Her specific individual contributions are to be found in the minutes of Evidence pp. 391-394 and in Appendix LXXII but, as her biographer Sir Edward Cooks points out, “the whole report may, in a sense, be included among her works.” In fact it was largely written by her friend and ally Sidney Herbert in August 1857, but he had much assistance from Miss Nightingale. Throughout 1857 she was in constant touch with Herbert, Sutherland, McNeill, Farr and many others in connection with the work, examining the evidence presented to the Commissioners, gathering statistical data, working out the details of hospital construction; editing, correcting and advising. The Report of the Royal Commission appeared at the beginning of February 1858, and the Secretary sent one of the earliest to Miss Nightingale. “I like him very much,” she replied (Feb. 6) “I think he looks very handsome. Lady Tullock says I make my pillow of Blue-books. It certainly has been the case with this.” She immediately set to work publicising it and getting it attention in the press. She arranged, for example, for the Report to be reviewed in the most influential monthly and quarterly journals, and nominated the reviewers in collaboration with Herbert. (Bishop and Goldie).

When Florence Nightingale had finished the statistical section of her own Report, she sent the proof with her illustrative diagrams for Dr. Farr’s revisions. He found nothing to alter. “This speech,” he wrote, “is the best that ever was written on Diagrams or on the Army. I can only express my Opinion briefly in ‘Demosthenes himself with the facts before him could not have written or thundered better.’ The details appear to me to be quite correct.” He specially commended her diagrams for the clearness with which they explained themselves. She was something of a pioneer in the graphic method of statistical presentation. In every branch of the inquiry she was equally thorough; consulting the best authorities and collecting the essential facts. She was in communication with Sir Robert Rawlinson and Sir Edwin Chadwick, and with Sir John Jebb, the architect of model prisons. She collected plans of all the best hospitals and infirmaries in Great Britain and on the Continent. Cook I. p. 352.

Florence Nightingale wrote her own contribution (Appendix LXXII) in part with separate publication in mind. She had proposed, and Sidney Herbert had agreed, that the memorandum and diagrams should be included as an appendix to the report in order that her pamphlet might appear as “Reprinted from the Report of the Royal Commission” and thus be given greater authority. So as soon as the Report was issued, she distributed her part separately to the Queen and other members of the royal family, to ministers, to leading members of both Houses of Parliament, and to Medical and Commanding Officers throughout the country, in India and in the colonies. She had a few copies of the diagrams glazed and framed, and three of these she sent to the War Office, the Horse Guards, and the Army Medical Department. It was reprinted in the first edition of her Notes on hospitals 1859.

Netley Abbey was the first General Military Hospital. Lord Panmure had consulted Florence Nightingale extensively about the plans. The main point at issue between Florence Nightingale and Lord Panmure was whether or not it should be constructed on the “pavilion system” which she championed. The plans were far advanced and Panmure was not inclined to change them; Florence Nightingale lost the battle as far as Netley was concerned but the “pavilion system” became the recognised prescription in the building of hospitals from then on. (See Cook Vol. I. p. 327,340-2.) The Netley report contains a report by John Simon pp. 72-81 and a lengthy submission (Appendix No I pp. 19-32) signed by Sidney Herbert, John Sutherland, W. H. Burrel and Douglas Galton (Florence Nightingale’s “Cabinet”). The first recommendation is “that the Hospital should be sub-divided into separate blocks or pavilions”: the hand of Florence Nightingale is unmistakable.


1859
“THE MOST ELOQUENT OF ALL HER ACCOUNTS”: COOK
150 Copies Printed

15. [NIGHTINGALE, Florence.] A contribution to the Sanitary History of the British Army during the late war with Russia. Illustrated with tables and diagrams. London. John W. Parker and Son, West Strand. 1859. Large folio. [2],16pp + 3 leaves of diagrams (1 coloured). Original dark green cloth-backed boards, spine sometime renewed, corners and edges with slight chipping but a very good copy, fine and clean internally.

L, C, E, Dt, O in NSTC. WU, DNLM in NUC. Bishop and Goldie A Bio-bibliography of Florence Nightingale, 53. Cook “Bibliography” No 14. Norman 1598 (this copy). Cook describes a copy with the imprint “Harrison and Sons” with the comment “some copies have the imprint “J. W. Parker and Co.” Cook states of “this important work” that “150 copies were printed.”

“The contribution, which was published anonymously, may be regarded as the final word in the Crimean controversy which had come to a head with the publication of the Report of the Royal Commission and of Miss Nightingale’s own Notes on Matters Affecting the Health of the British Army. The facts and figures given in the Notes had been challenged in an anonymous pamphlet... The answer contained in the body of Miss Nightingale’s brochure [i.e. the present Contribution] was conclusive... Cook wrote: “It is the most concise, the most scathing, and the most eloquent of all her accounts of preventable mortality which she had witnessed in the East”, and Sir John MacNeill, in a letter to Miss Nightingale, described it as “completely unanswerable”, adding: “I wish with all my heart that ever young officer in the British Army had a copy of it.” (Bishop and Goldie)

The diagrams, presented in the form of “pie-charts”, were prepared by William Farr.


[1858] 1863
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE’S NOTES ON HOSPITALS
THE THIRD EDITION
SUBSTANTIALLY EXTENDED AND CORRECTED:
“IN REALITY A NEW BOOK.” F. N.

16a. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Notes on Hospitals. The third edition. London. Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green. 1863. 4to. ix,187p. + text illustrations and 16 folding plates as called for. Original dark purple/black cloth respined very good copy.
Bishop and Goldie A Bio Bibliography of Florence Nightingale London. Dawsons of Pall Mall. 1962. 101.

First issued in 1858 (Bishop and Goldie No. 100)

Contemporary opinion of this work was high. Sir James Paget, in acknowledging a copy of the Notes wrote: “It appears to me to be the most valuable contribution to sanitary science in application to medical institutions that I have ever read.” The little book, revolutionary in character, set the seal on Miss Nightingale’s authority on the subject of Hospitals, and gave a new direction to their construction. She begins by roundly condemning the unsatisfactory nature of hospital statistics as they were compiled at the time, and asserts that it is more or less impossible to deduce anything from them in regard to the relative merits of the various hospitals. In the second edition Miss Nightingale enumerated Sixteen Sanitary Defects in the construction of Hospital wards. One result of the publication of Notes on Hospitals was to bring upon the author requests for advice on the building of hospitals and infirmaries from all over the world. See Bishop and Goldie pp. 93-4.

The third edition was extensively revised and extended. In the new preface Florence Nightingale wrote: “In order to spread a knowledge of the progress already made as well as of those principles which may now be considered as established, I have been asked to prepare the present edition. In doing this, it has been necessary to rewrite the whole of it, and to make so many additions to the matter that it is, in reality a new book.”

This third edition contains chapters on:

I. Sanitary condition of hospitals.
II. Defects in existing hospital plans and constructions.
III. Principles of hospital construction.
IV. Improved hospital plans.
V. Convalescent hospitals.
VII. Children’s hospitals.
VII. Indian Military Hospitals.
VIII. Hospitals for soldier’ wives.
IX. Hospital statistics.
(a) General statistics.
(b) Proposal for improved statistics of surgical operations.
Appendix. On different systems of hospital nursing.

The Lancet of February 27, 1864 reviewed the work and praised it in very high terms. “...these Notes by Miss Nightingale must henceforth be studied by everyone who would build, modify, or administer any hospital for the sick.” A review in the Medical Times, however, took exception to her assertions with regard to the high rate of mortality. To the issue for the following month William Farr contributed a witty letter in defence of Florence Nightingale, an intervention for which he received her letter of thanks. See Bishop and Goldie pp. 94-5.


1860
NOTES ON NURSING
FIRST EDITION; FIRST ISSUE

16. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Notes on nursing: what it is, and what it is not. London. Harrison, 59, Pall Mall, Booksellers to the Queen. n.d. [1860?] [5],79,[1]p. Original black cloth, a little shaken as usual but an excellent copy.

This copy, like the earliest copy known to Bishop and Goldie, does NOT carry “[The right of translation is reserved]” on the title page. The end papers, though, are not plain yellow but printed with the publisher’s adverts. (Advertisements for books to be issued in 1860). This early issue contains all the misprints corrected later in the year. All this points to this being a very early copy.

Bishop and Goldie A bio Bibliography of Florence Nightingale, London. Dawsons of Pall Mall. 1962. No. 4.

Distinctive issue-points are:

Bottom of title page. This does NOT contain “[The right of Translation is reserved.]

p. 20. Sidenote: “Why must children have measles, etc. (Uncorrected version)
p. 40 line 23 “arrow root” (Uncorrected version).
p. 44. Line 22. “chesnuts” (Uncorrected version).
p. 65 Sidenote “Physionomy” (Uncorrected version).
p. 69 i.e. p. 67 Sidenote: “...decline” (Uncorrected version).
p. 69 Sidenote: “Average rate of mortality” tells us. (Original version)
p. 73 Heading “Observations on the sick” (Original version).


FIRST EDITION; LATER ISSUE

17. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Notes on nursing: what it is, and what it is not. London. Harrison, 59, Pall Mall, Booksellers to the Queen. [The right of Translation is reserved.] n.d. [1860]. [5],79,[1]p. Yellow printed endpapers with advts dated 1860. Original black cloth. A little dulled but a good copy.

Bishop and Goldie A bio Bibliography of Florence Nightingale London. Dawsons of Pall Mall. 1962. No 4.

Distinctive issue-points are:

Bottom of title page. This contains “[The right of Translation is reserved.]

p. 20. Sidenote: “Why must children have measles, etc. (Uncorrected version)
p. 40 line 23 “arrow root” (Uncorrected version).
p. 44. Line 22. “chesnuts” (Uncorrected version).
p. 65 Sidenote “Physiognomy” (Corrected version).
p. 69 i.e. p. 67 Sidenote: “...decline.” (Uncorrected version).
p. 69 Sidenote: “Average rate of mortality tells us.” (First correct version)
p. 73 Heading “Conclusion” (Corrected version)


LATE EDITION

18. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Notes on nursing: what it is, and what it is not. London. Harrison, 59, Pall Mall, Booksellers to the Queen. [The right of Translation is reserved.] n.d. [1860]. [5],79,[1]p. Yellow printed endpapers with advts dated 1883. Original black cloth. Spine neatly restored otherwise a very good copy.

Bishop and Goldie A Bio Bibliography of Florence Nightingale London. Dawsons of Pall Mall. 1962. No 4.

Distinctive issue-points are:

Bottom of title page. This contains “[The right of Translation is reserved.]

p. 20. Sidenote: “Why must children have measles, etc? (Corrected version)
p. 40 line 23 “arrow root” (Uncorrected version).
p. 44. Line 22. “chesnuts” (Uncorrected version).
p. 65 Sidenote “Physiognomy” (Corrected version).
p. 69 i.e. p. 67 Sidenote: “...decline?” (Corrected version).
p. 69 Sidenote: “Averages of mortality tells us.” (Misprinted second version)
p. 73 Heading “Conclusion” (Corrected version)
It will be noted that despite this issue being late (i.e. c.1883) two of the major printers’ errors at pp. 40 and 44 are still extant.


NOTES ON NURSING: NEW EDITION, REVISED AND ENLARGED

19. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Notes on nursing: what it is and what it is not. New edition, revised and enlarged. London. Harrison, 59, Pall Mall, 1860. [The Right of Translation is Reserved.] With half title. xv,221,[3]p. Original dark purple stipple grain cloth. From the Wellcome Library Nightingale Collection with their stamp on the back of the title page and a de-accession stamp across it. A very good copy.

Bishop and Goldie A bio Bibliography of Florence Nightingale London. Dawsons of Pall Mall. 1962. No. 5.

This new edition is revised and substantially enlarged making it, in a sense, a new book.


NOTES ON NURSING FOR THE LABOURING CLASSES
PRESENTATION COPY FROM FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

20. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Notes on nursing for the labouring classes. By Florence Nightingale. Seventieth Thousand. London: Harrison and sons, 59, Pall Mall. 1892. 144,[2.]pp. Advts. Original printed boards, neatly recased and respined. Inscribed on the top of the title page “MISS STOCKS WITH F. NIGHTINGALE’S HEARTY GOOD WISHES” and again on the top of the printed cover “MISS STOCKS”. A good copy.

Bishop and Goldie No 6.

“This edition has been made for the use of the Labouring Classes, with some abridgment, with considerable additions, and with a supplementary chapter on Children”. F.N. March 1861.
First published in 1861 and many times reprinted. After 1868 it contained an additional appendix on the method of training nurses under the Nightingale Fund, at St. Thomas’s Hospital, London. By 1898 the edition had run to its 74th thousand.


SANITARY STATISTICS OF NATIVE AND COLONIAL SCHOOLS
The true first edition with all the statistical evidence
not reproduced in the reprint

21. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Sanitary statistics of native colonial schools and hospitals. By Florence Nightingale. London. 1863. 67,[1]pp. Original pale lilac printed wrappers. Spine very slightly cracked and very small repair to head of spine otherwise a fine copy. Preserved in a Clamshell box.

The first edition. L, O, in NSTC. ICU, DNLM, OClW, NcD-MC, KU-M in NUC. Bishop and Goldie 64,(ii). Cook “Bibliography” No 40. Norman 1603 (this copy).

This was a paper given by Florence Nightingale to the National Association of Social Science at their Edinburgh meeting in 1863 and appeared in their Transactions volume printed in 1864, (p. 475-488). Contrary to the impression given in Bishop and Goldie this separate printing of 1863 predates the volume of Transactions and is therefore the true first edition. The bibliographical descriptions so far offered of the relationship between this pamphlet of 67 pages and the text as it appeared in the 14 pages of Transactions is, in other respects, also misleading. Bishop and Goldie merely say of the pamphlet [“Also in ]” and Cook describes it as “a reprint.” In fact the text in the pamphlet is three or four times the length of the version in Transactions which, in effect, is a very abbreviated version with all the tables and statistical materials missed out. In the pamphlet pages 20-53, Appendix I, contains elaborate statistical tables beginning with “Mortality statistics among aboriginals in colonial schools and hospitals” and pages 54-67, Appendix II, contains “Abstracts of papers relating to the causes of mortality among the aboriginal races, received from the Colonial Office.” etc. - i.e. the entire body of evidence upon which the conclusions of the paper were founded.

“In a stirring opening sentence Miss Nightingale suggests a shocking lack of information with regard to the native peoples in the colonies.” Some years before Florence Nightingale had already considered the problem of the gradual disappearance of the aboriginal races from the neighbourhood of civilized communities. The figures she collected suggested that contact with the European civilization might prove a mixed blessing for the native peoples of the colonies, and Miss Nightingale concludes that “the general result may be summed up in the following words; “Educate by all means, but look carefully at the problem with which you have to deal, and above all things, never forget that education everywhere, but more especially with uncivilized tribes, must always include physical training and useful work.” Miss Nightingale was to deal with this particular problem again in 1865 in relation to the aboriginal races of Australia (Bishop and Goldie 95).


OBSERVATIONS ON THE SANITARY STATE OF THE ARMY
IN INDIA.
THE HOME OFFICE SET

22. [NIGHTINGALE, Florence In.] Royal Commission on the sanitary state of the army in India. Vol. I. Report of the commissioners. Precis of evidence. Minutes of evidence. Addenda. London. Printed by George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode, Printers to the Queen’s most excellent Majesty. For her Majesty’s Stationary Office. 1863. Folio. xcvii,[1],xxxi,[2], 943,[1]pp.; Illustrations, some part coloured, some folding at p. iv,(two), 96, 166, 170 (two), 180, 274, 288 (three), 483, 576, 780, 943 plus numerous engravings in the text.with

Royal Commission on the sanitary state of the army in India. Vol. II. Appendix. Reports from the stations in India and its dependencies occupied by British and native troops. Reports of inspectors-general of hospitals. Reports on stations in Ceylon. London. Printed by George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode, Printers to the Queen’s most excellent Majesty. For her Majesty’s Stationary Office. 1863. Folio. ii,959pp.; Folding coloured map as frontispiece, folding coloured map at p. 622, two folding coloured maps at the end of the volume.
Two volumes folio, old brown library buckram with green morocco labels, stamped in blind on the the front boards “Home Office”, each preserving the Sessional title page and Index leaf at the front.

First edition. Bishop and Goldie No 55 (i) Pp. 347-370 contain “Observations by Miss Nightingale on the evidence contained in stational returns sent to her by the Royal Commission on the Sanitary State of the Army in India”. Florence Nightingale’s part of the book is illustrated by numerous woodcuts. Pp. 371-462 contain “Abstracts of the same Reports” headed “Prepared by Dr. Sutherland,” but actually prepared jointly by Dr. Sutherland and Miss Nightingale.

For eight months down to May 1859 Florence Nightingale had been importuning Lord Stanley for a Royal Sanitary Commission on the State of the Army in India “to do exactly the same thing for the Armies in India which the last did for the Army at Home.” Florence Nightingale’s great ally Sidney Herbert was Chairman. Dr. Sutherland and Dr. William Farr were also on the Commission. Even before the Commission was appointed Florence Nightingale had been busy collecting and preparing evidence for it; she drafted the circular which was sent to all the Stations in India, and fed the statistics to Dr. Farr. In October 1861 she was formally requested by the commission to submit remarks on the Stational Reports.Florence Nightingale initiated the report, wrote most of it and paid £700 towards the cost of the printing. It was illustrated with many woodcut illustrations. Upon publication she took the most energetic measures to see that it was publicized and circulated.


1863
OBSERVATIONS ON THE SANITARY STATE OF
THE ARMY IN INDIA.”A certain little red book of hers on India”

23. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Observations on the evidence contained in the Stational reports submitted to her by the Royal Commission on the Sanitary State of the Army in India. (Reprinted from the report of the Royal Commission.) London. Edward Stanford. 1863. iv,92pp. 22 pages illustrated with woodcuts and large folding double-page illustration p.p 40/41 “Daily means of occupation and amusement. India.” Original red stipple-grain cloth with printed paper label on front cover. Very slightly shaken, some minor wear, diminishing pale brown stain in the upper margins of the first few leaves, otherwise a very good copy.
Rare.

The first separately published edition. Cook (34). Bishop and Goldie, No 55 (ii).

For eight months down to May 1859 Florence Nightingale had been importuning Lord Stanley for a Royal Sanitary Commission on the State of the Army in India “to do exactly the same thing for the Armies in India which the last did for the Army at Home.” Florence Nightingale’s great ally Sidney Herbert was Chairman. Dr. Sutherland and Dr. William Farr were also on the Commission. Even before the Commission was appointed Florence Nightingale had been busy collecting and preparing evidence for it; she drafted the circular which was sent to all the Stations in India, and fed the statistics to Dr. Farr. In October 1861 she was formally requested by the commission to submit remarks on the Stational Reports. The result was the Observations. It was said at the time that such a complete picture of life in India, both British and native, was contained in no other book in existence. The Observations themselves form a synopsis of the whole report giving chapter and verse for everything; bad water, bad drainage, filthy bazaars, want of ventilation, surface overcrowding.

Florence Nightingale initiated the report, wrote most of it and paid £700 towards the cost of the printing. It was illustrated with many woodcut illustrations. Upon publication she took the most energetic measures to see that it was publicized and circulated. But a mishap occurred in the circulation of the Report to Parliament. The enormous blue books were cut down to a small edition, and in the course of this Observations was entirely omitted. Florence Nightingale and her supporters, annoyed by this slight were quick to find a remedy and Dr.’s Farr and Sutherland saw to it that Observations was privately printed and circulated. In this form the work was a second time reviewed in the press. In a letter to Sutherland dated 27 July, 1863, Farr gives details of the arrangement: “I have seen Stanford of Charing Cross, who will publish Miss Nightingale’s paper at his own risk... He proposes to start with 500 copies, will advertise and pay all expenses, but will not undertake to give any away...”

As Cook observes “None of Miss Nightingale’s official works obtained a wider circulation than Observations; nor, I suppose, did any Blue-book on such a subject ever attain a greater amount of publicity.” According to the publisher Observations “is second to none (of her other writings) in charm of style.” The book enjoyed a large sale and was widely reviewed. Sir Bartle Frere, asked in later years what was the cause of Miss Nightingale’s influence in India and what had set the sanitary crusade in motion, replied that it was not the big Blue-book, which nobody reads, “but a certain little red book of hers on India which made some of us very savage at the time, but did us all immense good.”


1865
REMARKS... ON A REPORT BY DR. LEITH ON THE GENERAL
SANITARY CONDITION OF THE BOMBAY ARMY

24. [NIGHTINGALE, Florence.] East India (Bombay Army). Return to an address of the Honourable The house of Commons, dated 22 May 1865; - for, “Copy of remarks of the Barrack and hospital Improvement Commission on a Report by Dr. Leith on the General Sanitary Condition of the Bombay Army.” (329) [London. HMSO. 1865.] Folio. 15pp. Recent wrappers.

First edition. Bishop and Goldie No 57. Cook 43.

“This paper, prepared by Florence Nightingale in collaboration with Dr. Sutherland, was written in reply to criticisms of the Report of the Royal Commission (see above). The two most important of these came from Dr. Leith, the chairman of the Bombay Sanitary Commission, and Sir John Lawrence, on behalf of the Government of India (December 8, 1864.) Lord Stanley, the Colonial Secretary, was anxious to answer Dr. Leith and wrote to Miss Nightingale on October 25 about it. Miss Nightingale’s advice was that the answer should be sent in the form of a Report on Dr. Leith’s letter by the Barrack and Hospital Improvement Commission, which meant that that expert body would be given the opportunity for advising all the Presidency Commissions. The draft of the reply was submitted to Lord Stanley who returned it to Miss Nightingale in December 26 with the compliment: “I have pleasure in sending back the draft reply to Dr. Leith with only one or two verbal amendments suggested. It seems to be well done, moderate in tone, and conclusive in argument.”

Miss Nightingale had in fact been much annoyed by the criticisms, and Stanley wrote to her again on January 22, 1865: “Don’t be discouraged, dear Miss Nightingale, the practical work may go on while the controversy is proceeding.” Bishop and Goldie p. 61.


1865
ORGANIZATION OF NURSING IN A LARGE TOWN

25. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Organization of Nursing. An account of the Liverpool Nurses’ Training School, its foundation, progress, and operation in hospital, district, and private nursing. By a member of the committee of the Home and Training School. With an introduction, and notes, by Florence Nightingale. Liverpool: A. Holden, 48, Church Street. London: Longman, Green, Reader, and Dyer. 1865. [9],10-103pp. Frontispiece, Plan. Page 103 is an illustration. Original blue morocco-cloth, lettered in gilt. Loss of colour on the lower part of the spine. Slightly shaken. But a very good copy of a very rare item.with, loosely inserted
Letter printed on the first side of folded leaf: “Sir, Acting with the advice of Miss Nightingale, I wish to bring under the notice of those like yourself, whose position infers, or is likely to lead to, an interest in the subject, an organization which has proved most useful in Liverpool, and may in a modified form prove equally so in your district.

I therefore ask your acceptance of the accompanying account, and shall be obliged if, after perusal, you will kindly show the pamphlet to any likely to be interested in its subject.”
I am Sir, Yours respectfully, The compiler, and Hon. Sec. of the Society in Liverpool.” Liverpool, December, 1865.”

The first edition. Bishop and Goldie. No 14.

“Introduction by Florence Nightingale, pp. 9-16. Letters from Miss Nightingale addressed to the chairman of the Liverpool Training School for Nurses, dated London, November 30, 1861; entitled; ‘Proposed Plan for the Training and employment of Women in Hospital, District, and Private Nursing, 1861,’ pp. 25-26. The Notes, in the form of footnotes, are scattered throughout the volume and are short and numerous. Page 7 contains a dedication: ‘This Narrative is respectfully dedicated to Florence Nightingale.’

‘In dedicating this short account of efforts made to improve the character of professional nursing and provide for the better tendence of the sick to one whom, as their beloved chief, all engaged in similar endeavour look for encouragement and guidance, the compiler had two objects in view.

First, to call attention to the nature of the plans which, carried out under her direction and advice, have been attended with so much success in Liverpool, and to recommend others to adopt and improve them.

Secondly, to express the warm gratitude which we feel, not only as an Englishman but as an inhabitant of Liverpool for those especial benefits which his native town has derived from her aid and counsel, in addition to those which it shares with the country at large.’

The Liverpool Training School and Home for Nurses was founded by William Rathbone in 1862, after consultation with Miss Nightingale. This was the beginning of a long and fruitful association which was to result in the organization and development of district nursing and workhouse infirmary nursing, both of which were first tried out in Liverpool, and later extended to other parts of the country.” Bishop and Goldie pp.27-8.


1867
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE ON WORKHOUSE NURSING

26. [NIGHTINGALE, Florence. ACLAND, Henry W., GALTON, Douglas et al.] Report of the committee appointed to consider the cubic space of the Metropolitan Workhouses, with papers submitted to the committee. London. George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode. HMSO. 1867. Folio. 87,[1]pp. Rebound in half dark purple morocco, cloth boards. A fine copy.

Ford and Ford Select list of British Parliamentary Papers 1839-1899 p. 80. The complete report. Bishop and Goldie A Bio-Bibliography of Florence Nightingale No 16.

The work consists of a short report signed by Watson, Acland, Galton and six others followed by 19 papers submitted to the Workhouse Committee. No 16 “Suggestions on the subject of providing, training, and organizing nurses for the sick poor in workhouse infirmaries.” (pages 64-79) is by Florence Nightingale.

“The committee Appointed to Consider the Cubic Space of Metropolitan Workhouses had asked Miss Nightingale for her opinions and suggestions on the subject of nursing for the sick poor in workhouse infirmaries. The subject of Poor Law Reform had occupied her interest for some time, as a result of her friendship with William Rathbone, and she threw herself into the task with enthusiasm. During 1866-67 she was in constant correspondence with Galton, seeking information, advice and criticism. The Suggestions, which she had privately printed as soon as they were prepared, were addressed directly to the chairman of the committee, Sir Thomas Watson, Bart., M.D. F.R.S. and on February 6, 1867, she told Galton she had received a splendid acknowledgement from Sir Thomas.” For fuller comment on the content of the paper see Bishop and Goldie pp. 29-30.


1871
INTRODUCTORY NOTES ON LYING-IN INSTITUTIONS

27. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Introductory notes on lying-in institutions. Together with a proposal for organising an institution for training midwives and midwifery nurses. By Florence Nightingale. London. Longmans, Green, and Co. 1871. xiv,110,[2],15,[1]pp. With five plans, (one of them folding) as called for. With half title. The text ends at p. 110. There follows a single leaf advertisement and a 16pp. publisher’s catalogue. From the Radford Library St. Mary’s Hospital Manchester, and after that, in the Nightingale Collection at the Wellcome Library with their stamp on the back of the title page and a de-accession stamp over that. Original dark purple cloth. Shelfmark in gilt on the bottom of spine. A very good copy. The first edition.

Bishop and Goldie No 102.

“In 1861 Florence Nightingale had applied part of the Nightingale Fund to the training of midwives for service among the poor. She arranged that women between twenty-six and thirty-five, of good character, should be selected from country parishes for six months practical training in midwifery at King’s College Hospital, which at that time was nursed by St. John’s House. This institution had furnished Florence Nightingale with a contingent of nurses during the Crimea War.

The experiment began in October 1861... After six years during which the arrangement worked successfully, it had to be abandoned because of an epidemic of puerperal fever. As soon as Miss Nightingale learned of this catastrophe she began to examine the whole subject of mortality in the lying-in wards. She found that no trustworthy statistics of mortality in childhood had yet been collected, and she set her army of scouts and spies to work collecting these. From 1868 she badgered Galton, Sutherland and Farr, and many others for sketches, plans, and figures. She collected her data from all over the country, Birmingham, Liverpool, London, Canterbury; and spread her net abroad to take in Paris, Berlin, Vienna and even St. Petersburg.

In September 1869 she sent her material to Sutherland with a note “I earnestly beg Dr. Sutherland to edit a paper on Lying-in Hospitals, embodying the materials I have so laboriously prepared - and which are put up in a packet addressed to him.” ..the book did appear at last in October 1871, and did for this specialised subject what Notes on Hospitals had done in the broader sphere. Sutherland, sending her a last revise with some suggestions of his own, had written: “The book is a very good contribution to the subject, and will excite surprise and some opposition, but the facts are strong.” Bishop and Goldie p. 96.


ADDRESS TO PROBATIONER NURSES 1872
PRESENTATION COPY FROM FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

28. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Address from Miss Nightingale to the probationer-nurses in the “Nightingale Fund” School, at St. Thomas’ Hospital, and the nurses who were formerly trained there. [London. 1872]: Printed for private circulation. 4to. pp. 8. Folded sheets as issued. Unobtrusively strengthened down the folds of the sheets not affecting the text. Preserved in a purpose-made box. INSCRIBED AND INITIALLED PRESENTATION COPY FROM FLORENCE TO JOHN CROFT. “JOHN CROFT ESQ. Esq. F.N. 1873”.
Bishop and Goldie No 26. Not in NSTC or NUC.

The first of Florence Nightingale’s letters to nurses which she was to repeat almost every year for the next twenty years. It was read for her by Sir Harry Verney to the probationer nurses at St. Thomas’s Hospital on May 8, 1872. John Croft Esq. FRCS, one of the Surgeons at St. Thomas’s Hospital, was appointed, on the resignation of Mr Whitfield, the Resident Medical Officer of the Nightingale Nursing School and Medical Instructor of the Probationers. Florence Nightingale saw and corresponded with Croft, and liked him much. He wrote “I hope to become, as you would have me, an active and faithful comrade.” He gave clinical instruction to the Probationers; delivered courses of lectures - general, medical, and surgical in the several terms - throughout the year, of which he submitted the syllabus to Miss Nightingale, and at her request drew up a “Course of Reading for Probationers.” Croft stayed in his post on the staff of St. Thomas’s and only resigned as medical instructor to the Nightingale Probationers in 1892. In returning thanks for a testimonial he described the pleasure he had found in working under “so lovable and adorable a leader as Miss Nightingale.” See Cook Vol. II p.247 and 386. The presentation of this Address to Croft, Florence Nightingale’s colleague in the Nurses Training School, is an association item of exceptional interest.

Cook considered this to be the best of her Addresses, and quotes Dr. Sutherland, who wrote of it: ‘It is just what it ought to be, written as the thoughts come up. This is the only writing which goes like an arrow to its mark. It is full of gentle wisdom and does for Hospital nursing what your Notes did for nursing”.

Here, as in subsequent Addresses and articles, Miss Nightingale emphasises the vocational nature of nursing.” Bishop and Goldie p. 38.


1874
LIFE OR DEATH IN INDIA
PRESENTATION COPY FROM FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

29. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Life or death in India by Florence Nightingale. A paper read at the Meeting of the National Association for the Promotion of Social Science, Norwich, 1873 with an appendix on life or death by irrigation 1874. London. Spottiswoode and Co., New-Street Square, London. 1874. 63,[1]pp. Original stiff glazed purple wrappers. Library label removed from the bottom lower inner corner of the front wrapper leaving some discoloration where label had adhered otherwise an excellent copy in the original wrappers as issued. INSCRIBED PRESENTATION COPY FROM FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE. INSCRIBED “YOURS EVER FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE NOV. 29/74.” Formerly in the Wellcome Library with de-accession stamp on the reverse of the title page.
The first edition. Bishop and Goldie, No. 66(11). Bishop and Goldie cite a copy at the Wellcome Library. L in NSTC. CtY-M, NcU-H, KU-M, DNLM, OCIW, CaBVaU in NUC.
The prefatory paper “How some people have lived, and not died, in India” was delivered to the Social Science Congress in 1873 at the special request of the Association. It is here first separately printed in a much revised version. The substantial appendix “On life or death by Irrigation 1874,” pages 26-63, is here printed for the first time.

This paper reviewed the progress which had been made in the field of sanitary reform. It gives interesting insight into the way in which, in primitive cultures, religion or superstition can stand in the way of public health reform and sanitary progress. As Florence Nightingale points out even that supposedly insuperable bar to progress, the caste system, had given way in India to the obvious advantages of pure water. “The new water-supply was, at public meetings, adjudged to be theologically as well as physically safe.” And “All classes, all castes, use it; and find, indeed, the fabled virtues of the Ganges in the pure water-tap.”

In the Appendix Florence Nightingale considers irrigation, and the system of communications by railway and canal which are almost as essential as an abundant water supply. She points out that the expense of irrigation would be a small proportion of the economic and human cost of famine.


1876
ADDRESS... TO THE PROBATIONER NURSES

30. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Address from Florence Nightingale to the probationer nurses at St. .Thomas’ Hospital, and the nurses who were formerly trained there. 28th April, 1876. Printed for Private Use only. [At Edn] London: Spottiswoode and Co., Printers, New Street Square. 4to. pp. 12. Sewn as issued. A fine copy.
Bishop and Goldie No 33. Not in NSTC or NUC.

“The main points in this letter are the importance of quietness and cleanliness - ‘two plain, practical, little things necessary to produce good Nurses.’ Quietness should embrace ‘quietness in dress, especially being consistent in this matter when off duty and going out.’ Miss Nightingale strongly deplored ‘dressiness’ in her nurses: ‘Oh, my dear Nurses... don’t let people say of you that you are like “Girls of the Period”: Let them say of you that you are “field flowers”, and welcome.’

In turning to the subject of cleanliness she stresses that ‘nothing is too small to be attended to in this respect,’ and in touching on the vexed subject of infection she says: ‘Remember that Typhoid Fever is distinctly the product of breathing foul air, especially at night.’ She was to repeat these views again more publicly in 1882 when she wrote an introduction to Sir J. Jervoise’s book on Infection (No 140).

She draws the attention of her audience to a recent article in a ‘well-known medical journal’ which pictured a Nightingale Nurse as ‘an active, useful, clever Nurse...’ also ‘a lively, rather pert, and very conceited young woman.’ ‘That’s what I should like to be left out.’
The letter ends with a long and morbidly detailed account of the death from typhoid fever of Nurse Martha Rice who had gone out to Montreal to join Miss Machin...”

1881
LETTER... TO THE ST. THOMAS’S NURSES
“To be a good nurse one must be a good woman”

31. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. 6th May 1881. Letter from Florence Nightingale (To the Nurses and Probationers at St. Thomas’s Hospital). [20]pp. Printed title page, reverse blank. Lithographed copy of Florence Nightingale’s letter. 8vo. 13pp. Followed by 5 blank pages. Stab sewn as issued. A fine copy.

Bishop and Goldie No 37.

“In this letter Florence Nightingale reiterates the theme that to be a good nurse, one must be a good woman. She defines a good woman as one who has ‘quietness, gentleness, patience, endurance, and forbearance,’ and sets against this the meaning of ‘how like a woman’ when said in contempt. She especially urges those who hope to achieve positions of authority to remember the importance of obedience themselves. ‘No one ever was able to govern who was not able to obey. The best scholars make the best teachers - those who obey best the best rulers.’“


[1882]
TRAINING OF NURSES AND NURSING THE SICK

32. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Nurses, training of; [and] Nursing the sick. [In] QUAIN, Richard M.D., F.R.S. [Ed.] A dictionary of medicine including general pathology, general therapeutics, hygiene and the diseases of women and children by various writers edited by Richard Quain. Reprinted from the New Edition revised throughout and enlarged in 1894. In two volumes. London. Longmans, Green, and co. 1895. xxiv,1223pp. + advts; vii,1260pp. Neat Ex-lib from the Wellcome Library. Original dark blue cloth red edges. A very good set.
Bishop and Goldie No 11. (iii). Florence Nightingale’s articles appear at Vol. II pp. 231-237; 237-244. They were revived for the 1894 edition (hence in the 1895 edition also) but remained substantially the same.

“Miss Nightingale evidently attached very great importance to these two articles written for Quain’s Dictionary of Medicine, for she took considerable pains over them. She sought Galton’s advice in a series of letters, and in a reply dated May 6, 1876, thanked him for his excellent advice ‘to be quite technical and professional, very much condensed, about two pages of double columns (very close print), and to be in proportion with the articles, practical and not historical.’ In the same letter she expands her approach to the subject: ‘Nursing cannot be treated like a disease; it must be treated like an Art in its relations to Medicine, Surgery, and Hygiene; it is almost coextensive with them. A real Dictionary of Nursing would be almost as lengthy as a Dictionary of Medicine. I have tried to treat of Nursing here in its relations to the Medical Profession; what the nurse has to do for the physician or surgeon; and on the other hand one cannot treat of it without considering what the physician or surgeon have to do for the nurse in training her, in building up the Art of Nursing, and making it fit to be their intelligent servant.’“ Bishop and Goldie p. 23-4.


1893
SICK-NURSING AND HEALTH NURSING

33. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. “Sick-Nursing and Health-Nursing.” A paper [In.] Royal British Commission, Chicago Exhibition, 1893. Woman’s mission. A series of congress papers on the philanthropic work of women by eminent writers. Arranged and edited, with a preface and notes, by the Baroness Burdett-Coutts. London. Sampson Low, Marston and Company Limited. 1893. xxiv,485,[1]pp. From the Edward Pease Public Library, Darlington. Presented by the Editor. Original red cloth, spine neatly repaired.

Florence Nightingale’s paper is found in pages 184-205. “The main part of the paper occupies pp. 184-199. Then comes an “Addendum” on District Nursing, with an account of the Bucks “Health-Nurse Training” system and “Syllabus of Lectures to Health Missioners.” E. T. Cook. Life of Florence Nightingale II p. 456. “Bibliography” No 131.

In addition to “Sick Nursing and Health nursing” by Florence Nightingale, this rare work contains many other important articles on nursing and women’s philanthropic work in general including: “Women’s work for the welfare of girls” by Miss E. Sellers, “Woman’s work in the ragged schools,” by the Countess of Compton, “Rescue work by women among women,” by Miss Mary H. Steer, “Work among the sailors,” by Miss Agnes E. Weston, “On nursing,” by the Hon. Mrs Stuart Wortley, “The work of women as guardians of the poor, by Miss E. S. Lidgett, “The history of workhouse reform,” by Louisa Twining etc.


1908

34. [NIGHTINGALE, Florence. In] WANTAGE, Harriet S. Lord Wantage, V.C., K.C.B. A memoir by his wife. Second edition. London. Smith, Elder and Co. 1908. xi,474pp. Original pale blue cloth. Portion of leading hinge frayed.

Robert Lindsay, afterwards Baron Wantage (1832-1901), soldier and politician. He played a conspicuous part at Inkerman. A letter from Lindsay in The Times of July 22 1870 led to the foundation of the National Society for Aid to the sick and Wounded which developed into the Red Cross Society. One of the first acts of the committee was to consult Florence Nightingale. Lord Wantage became a close ally of Florence Nightingale and she advised him and provided witnesses for a committee on which he served in 1883. In 1891 he was chosen to preside over a committee appointed to inquire into the length and conditions of service in the army. On his death in 1901 Florence Nightingale wrote a letter of appreciation which is printed in this book at page 430.

Cook No 144.


1915

35. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Florence Nightingale to her nurses. A selection from Miss Nightingale’s addresses to probationers and nurses of the Nightingale School at St. Thomas’s Hospital. London. Macmillan and Co. 1915. x,147pp. Frontispiece portrait and facsimile of handwriting. Original brown cloth. A good copy.

Bishop and Goldie p. 36. Compiled, with a preface by Rosalind Nash.

“Between 1872 and 1900 Miss Nightingale used, when she was able, to send an annual letter or address to the probationer-nurses of the Nightingale School, and the nurses who have been trained there. These addresses were usually read aloud by Sir Harry Verney, the chairman of the Nightingale Fund, in the presence of the probationers and nurses, and a printed copy or a lithographed facsimile of the manuscript was given to each of the nurses present ‘for private use’“.


1928
THE POSITION OF WOMEN; IN CASSANDRA

36. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Cassandra. [In]. “The Cause” A short history of the Women’s movement in Great Britain. By Ray Strachey. London G. Bell and Sons, Ltd. 1928. 429pp. Brown cloth. A good copy.

Bishop and Goldie, No. 109.

With a section on Florence Nightingale and a portrait of her. The fragment “Cassandra” (pp.395-418), taken from the second volume of the Suggestions for thought, 1860 (Bishop and Goldie No 127). is reproduced here as Appendix 1. This deals with the position of women as she herself experienced it, and casts considerable light on what she must have suffered as a young woman who felt herself called to higher service. “Passion, intellect, moral activity,” she wrote, “These three have never been satisfied in a woman. In this cold and oppressive conventional atmosphere, they can not be satisfied. To say more on this subject would be to enter into the whole history of the present state of civilization.” “Women often long to enter some man’s profession where they would find direction, competition (or rather opportunity of measuring the intellect with others), and above all, time.”

Florence Nightingale had suffered from the constant infringements made on her time by all the petty social details which were at that time considered the necessary duties of women, whether married or single. “A woman cannot live in the light of intellect. Society forbids it. These conventional frivolities, which are called her ‘duties’, forbid it. Her ‘domestic duties’. high-sounding words, which, for the most part are but bad habits (which she has not the courage to enfranchise herself from, the strength to break through) forbid it’ Nor did she consider the ‘training’ given to women in any way fitted them to be good wives or mothers. “The intercourse of man and woman - how frivolous, how unworthy it is! Can we call that the true vocation of woman - her high career? Look around at the marriages which you know. The true marriage - that noble union, one perfect being - probably does not exist at present on the earth.” This, however, was hardly to be wondered at in the conditions so bitterly described by Miss Nightingale. Indeed, as she says, it is a wonder that any sort of marriage took place at all. “A woman, thoroughly uninterested at home, and having a slight acquaintance with some accidental person, accepts him, if he ‘falls in love’ with her, as it is technically called, and takes the chance. Hence the vulgar expression of marriage being a lottery, which it mostly is, for that the right two should come together has as many chances against it as there are blanks in any lottery.” See Bishop and Goldie p. 105.


1954

37. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Selected writings of Florence Nightingale. Compiled by Lucy Ridgely M.A, (Oxon.), S.R.N. New York The Macmillan Company. 1954. 396,[2]pp. Brown cloth, with dust jacket. A very good copy.


1970

FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE’S REPORTS ON HER
NURSING HOME

38. [NIGHTINGALE, Florence. in] VERNEY, Sir Harry. Florence Nightingale at Harley Street. Her reports to the Governors of her Nursing Home 1853-4. With an introduction by Sir Harry Verney. London. J. M. Dent. Ltd. 1970. 36p. Original marbled boards binding. Signed on the title page “H., Verney.”


WORKS ON FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE;
CONTEMPORARY ACCOUNTS AND BACKGROUND;
WORKS INSPIRED BY HEREARLY BIOGRAPHY AND COMMENTARY

1854

FEMALE NURSES INTRODUCED TO MILITARY HOSPITALS; FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE’S WORK CHEERED IN THE HOUSE

39. HERBERT, Hon. Sidney Herbert. The conduct of the war. A speech delivered in the House of Commons on Tuesday, 12th of December, 1854, by the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, M.P. etc. etc. London. John Murray. 1854. 32pp. Rebound in boards. A very good copy.
Sidney Herbert, first Baron Herbert of Lea (1810-1861). In 1852 Herbert took office under Lord Aberdeen as secretary at war. In 1854 the organization of the army sent out to the Crimea broke down. For this Herbert took responsibility. He had, however, also been largely responsible for seeking to remedy the condition of the hospitals at Scutari, and gave to Florence Nightingale, who was his personal friend, the fullest official support; indeed he became her most important political ally. “I wish,” wrote Gladstone, to R. M. Milnes “Some of the thousands who in prose justly celebrate Miss Nightingale would say a single word for the man of ‘routine’ who devised and projected her going.” DNB.

In this speech Herbert tries to explain and justify the conduct of the government during the Crimean War. Particular attention is given to the accusations that the medical care provided was not adequate. He gives an account of the work of Dr. Andrew Smith, head of the medical department of the army, and praises his efforts. He refutes the allegation that the wounded of the British army at Alma lay upon the field of battle for two or three days days unattended. He discusses at length the state of the general hospital at Scutari attempting to address the various criticisms laid against the conditions there. He reassures the House that much had been done to rectify inadequacies. In particular he refers, though not by name, to Florence Nightingale and the party of nurses he had sent out.

“The House will recollect that, some time ago, a lady undertook to carry out a number of nurses for the purposes of alleviating the sufferings of the sick and wounded. I have received not only from medical men, but from many others who have had an opportunity of making observations, letters couched in the highest possible terms of praise. I will not repeat the words, but no higher words of praise could be applied to women for the wonderful energy, the wonderful tact, the wonderful tenderness, combined with the extraordinary courage and self-devotion which have been displayed by that lady (loud cheers); and I am glad to say that the characteristics which have been shown by that lady, the force and influence of her character, seem to have penetrated all those working with her, and I believe not only the patients themselves, by every person connected with the hospitals, will benefit by the admixture of this new element in the management of a military hospital. (Cheers).”


1855

EYE-WITNESS ACCOUNT OF FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
AT WORK IN THE CRIMEA

40. OSBORNE, Sydney Godolphin. Scutari and its Hospitals. London. Dickinson Brothers. 1855. 54p. + 5 coloured or tinted plates. Original blue cloth, pictorial gilt decoration on leading boards. Bottom of title dusted. A good copy.

“The best and fullest account by an eye-witness of Miss Nightingale’s at work at Scutari.” Sir Edward Cook The Life of Florence Nightingale II, p. 459. Bishop and Goldie A bio Bibliography of Florence Nightingale. p. 135.

During the Crimean war Osborne made an unofficial inspection of the hospitals under Florence Nightingale’s care, and published the results in this work. Parliament thanked him for his efforts. Osborne went with the blessing of Sidney Herbert and arrived at Scutari two days after Florence Nightingale. The book contains a blistering account of the inadequacy of provision for the wounded of Balaklava and Inkermann. He blames the politicians at home and the complacency and incompetence of the army authorities on the ground: “from what I saw I am satisfied, that Military etiquette, rules, and general provision, are just the very worst, to secure the economical, humane, and proper management of large Hospital Establishments. For the work of Florence Nightingale and her helpers he had great praise: “Miss Nightingale... with a proper chosen and paid staff of professional nurses, laundry women, and a civil superintendent with full power; a staff of experienced civil surgeons and dressers; an apothecary in chief with his staff of dispenser would with the aid of necessary stores sent straight to Scutari by ships taken up for the special duty, have had these fine buildings soon turned into real Hospitals.”
Osborne’s account is the best first-hand account of Florence Nightingale at work in the Crimea. Pages 25-7 contain a detailed personal description of Florence Nightingale. “Her nerve is wonderful: I have been with her at very severe operations; she was more than equal to the trial. She had an utter disregard of contagion; I have known her to spend hours over men dying of cholera or fever. The more awful any particular case, especially if it was that of a dying man, her slight from would be seen bending over him, administering to his ease in every way in her power, and seldom quitting his side till death released him.

I do not think it possible to measure the real difficulties of the work Miss Nightingale has done, and is doing, by the mere magnitude of the field, and its peculiarly horrible nature. Every day brought some new complication of misery, to be somehow unravelled by the power ruling in the sisters’ tower. Each day had its peculiar trial to one who had taken such a load of responsibility, in an untried field, and with a staff of her own sex, all new to it. Her’s was a post requiring of the courage of a Cardigan, the tact and diplomacy of a Palmerston, the endurance of a Howard, the cheerful philanthropy of a Mrs Fry or a Miss Neave; Miss Nightingale yet fills that post, and in, my opinion is the one individual, who in this whole unhappy war, has shown more than any other, what real energy guided by good sense can do, to meet the calls of sudden emergency.” p. 27.


THE ROEBUCK COMMITTEE
“THE STATE OF THE HOSPITALS WAS DISGRACEFUL”
THE HOME OFFICE SET

41. (SELECT COMMITTEE ON THE ARMY BEFORE SEBASTOPOL) First report... with the proceedings of the committee. Ordered, by the House of Commons to be Printed, 1 March 1855. [London. HMSO. 1855.] Folio. 4,[2]pp.

bound with

Second report... with the minutes of evidence and appendix. Ordered, by the House of Commons to be Printed, 30 March 1855. [London. HMSO. 1855.] Folio. iv, 729,1]pp.
Third report... with the minutes of evidence, and appendix. Ordered, by the House of Commons to be Printed, 3 May 1855. [London. HMSO. 1855.] Folio. iv, 516pp.
Fourth report... with the minutes of evidence, and appendix. Ordered, by the House of Commons to be Printed, 17 May 1855. [London. HMSO. 1855.] Folio. iv,360pp.bound with
Fifth report... with the proceedings of the committee and an appendix. Ordered, by the House of Commons to be Printed, 18 June 1855. [London. HMSO. 1855.] Folio. 65,[1[pp.bound with
Index to reports from the select committee on army before Sebastopol. Ordered, by the House of Commons to be Printed, 18 June 1855. [London. HMSO. 1855.] Folio. xii,245,[1]pp.
Bound in three volumes, library buckram, fine copies. Preserving the Sessional title page and Index leaf at the front of each volume. On the back of the Index is a contemporary manuscript inscription “This Book is to be preserved in the Office of Her Majesty’s principal Secretary of State Home Department, 1855.”

The report of the famous Roebuck Committee set up by the Duke of Newcastle, which gave official recognition to previous reports and confirmed that ‘the state of the hospitals was disgraceful’. Over a page in the Index is given to references to Florence Nightingale. This is divided into four sections: Her position and powers at Scutari (2) Her general mode of proceeding (3) Her opinion as to the state of the general hospital (4) Valuable services rendered by her. Among those who gave evidence were Sidney Godolphin Osborne and Sidney Herbert, both of whom discuss the contribution made by Florence Nightingale at length in their evidence.


ARMY ESTABLISHMENT DEFENDED FROM THE FINDINGS
OF THE NEWCASTLE COMMISSION

42. [MAXWELL, Sir Peter Benson.] Whom shall we hang? The Sebastopol Inquiry. London. James Ridgeway. 1855. [5],315pp. Original printed wrappers. Back wrapper neatly re-attached. Some light marking and soiling to wrappers otherwise a very good copy. Bookplate of Hastings Russell, 9th Duke of Bedford on the verso of the upper wrapper.

Sections include “Rations,” “The Condition of the Troops,” “The Medical Department - Hospital Staff and Supplies,” “Alma - chloroform -Transport of Sick and wounded - Field hospitals,” “Scutari- Measures of the Government - The Ambassador, The Commission, The Nurses,” “The Surgeons,” “Surgical appliances and Medicines,” “The building, The furniture, The Washing,” “Medical Comforts,” “Diet, Cooking, Diet-rolls, Disinfectants.”

The main purpose of this book is to tone down the hostility to the government and to dissipate the blame for the shambles in the Crimea in the aftermath of the Newcastle commission of 1855. References throughout to Robuck, S. G. Osborn and Sidney Herbert and frequently to Florence Nightingale. Maxwell refers to her with great respect (p 222-3); quotes her evidence to the Commission, and without suggesting any exaggeration or incorrectness on her part, implies that her evidence has been misconstrued or exaggerated. See pp.222-224, 232, 249, 251-254 (her evidence to the commission.)


1856

THE McNEILL-TULLOCH REPORT AND THE ARMY’S REPLY
THE HOME OFFICE SET
“THE SALVATION OF THE ARMY IN CRIMEA” F. N.

43. (COMMISSION OF ENQUIRY INTO THE SUPPLIES OF THE BRITISH ARMY IN THE CRIMEA.) Report... with the evidence annexed. Presented to both House of Parliament by command of her majesty. London. Printed by Harrison and Sons. n.d. [1856]. Folio. [2],ii,51,[1],viii,43299.

Appendix to the report of the commission of enquiry into the supplies of the British army in the Crimea. Presented to both house of Parliament by command of her majesty. London. Harrison and sons. Folio. [2],iv,[2],196,[1]pp.

Index to the report of the commission of enquiry into the supplies of the British army in the Crimea with the evidence annexed, and appendix. Presented to Parliament by command of her majesty. Ordered by the House of Commons, to be printed, 29 July 1856. (422-I). London. Harrison and sons. Folio. xiv,93,[1]pp.

Brown library buckram, red labels. Preserving the Sessional title page and Index leaf at the front of each volume. On the back of the Sessional title is a contemporary manuscript inscription “This Book is to be preserved in the Office of Her Majesty’s principal Secretary of State Home Department, 1856.” Fine copy.

In 1855 Sir John MacNeil, a doctor who afterwards entered the Political Service in the East, and Colonel Tulloch were sent out to the Crimea by Lord Palmerston’s government to report on the commissariat system. Of particular interest was the importance of diet and adequate accommodation and clothing on the health of the men. Their report threw much light on the inadequacies of the transport and supply systems which had so exacerbated the hardships of the army during the campaign. They prepared also statistical tables of the sickness and mortality in the army. In the Crimea they consulted extensively with Florence Nightingale and Dr. Sutherland, one of the Sanitary Commissioners sent out to the east. Both MacNeill and Tulloch became friends and supporters of Miss Nightingale who greatly admired their work. Writing to Lady Tullock in 1878 she called their report “the Salvation of the army in Crimea.”
The Report issued in January was, according to Cook, “the one official document among the pile produced by the Crimean War which brought responsibility directly home to specified individuals. (Cook I p. 336-7).


CHELSEA REPORT ON THE ARMY IN THE CRIMEA.
HOME OFFICE COPY

44. (CHELSEA REPORT ON THE ARMY IN THE CRIMEA.) Report of the Board of General Officers appointed to inquire into the statements contained in the reports of Sir John M’Neil and Colonel Tulloch, and the evidence taken by them relative thereto, animadverting upon the conduct of certain officers on the general staff, and others in the army. Together with the minutes taken by the Board and an Appendix. Presented to both Houses of Parliament by command of her majesty. London. George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode. HMSO. 1856. Folio. [2],xxxii,[2],611,[1]pp.

bound with

Index to Report of the Board of General Officers appointed to inquire into the statements contained in the reports of Sir John M’Neil and Colonel Tulloch, and the evidence taken by them relative thereto. Ordered, by the house of Commons to be printed, 29 July 1856. [London. HMSO. 1856.] Folio. viii,104,[2]pp.

Brown library buckram, red labels. Preserving the Sessional title page and Index leaf at the front of each volume. On the back of the Sessional title is a contemporary manuscript inscription “This Book is to be preserved in the Office of Her Majesty’s principal Secretary of State Home Department, 1856.” Fine copy.

Army feathers were very considerably ruffled by the Mc-Neill Tullock Report (item 43 above) and Lord Panmure agreed that a board of military officers should assemble at Chelsea in order to have the opportunity of defending themselves.

The Report of the Chelsea Board was an attempt at whitewash. It removed all blame from individuals and found that the true cause of the Crimean muddle was the failure of the treasury to send out, at the proper moment, a particular consignment of hay. This caused Florence Nightingale considerable private indignation and many years later MacNeill complained of the ill-befitting “levity” which “in the face of the appalling statistics of disease and mortality... would refer the fatal privations so heroically endured to so ludicrously inadequate a cause.”
The Chelsea Report had nearly done the trick of burying the McNeill-Tullock report when The Times took up the cause and a popular groundswell of support in the country, fostered where possible by Florence Nightingale and her agents, forced the government to take note. Sidney Herbert in the Commons moved that the Queen should bestow some mark of appreciation on the two men and the motion was passed. “Victory” wrote Florence Nightingale in her diary. She and her allies had mobilised public opinion against the inertia of Lord Panmure and the attempts at self defence by the army and she had won. Though not mentioned by name, the Macneill Tulloch report was inspired and championed by Florence Nightingale, written by her allies, and contained the views she endorsed on Army maladministration and incompetence. The Chelsea Report has no input from Florence Nightingale because its purpose was precisely to refute what she and her allies had been saying. But it formes a vital part of the background to her renewed campaign for proper sanitary arrangements for the British Army and proved an important moment of victory, both symbolic and actual, for her cause against the formidable forces of reaction which opposed her.

See Cook I. 336-8.


ARMY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT ENQUIRY
THE HOME OFFICE COPY

45. (SELECT COMMITTEE ON THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT ARMY). Report... from the select committee on the medical department (army); together with the proceedings of the committee, minutes of evidence, appendix and index. Ordered, by the House of Commons to be printed, 3 July 1856. [London. HMSO,. 1856.] Folio. xiv,379pp. Library buckram. Preserving the Sessional title page and Index leaf at the front. On the back of the Sessional title is a contemporary manuscript inscription “This Book is to be preserved in the Office of Her Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State Home Department, 1856.” Bound with another unrelated paper. Fine copy.

The chief witness was Dr. Andrew Smith, Director-General of the Army Medical Department, the man, who more than any other was blamed by Florence Nightingale for the incompetence which led to the scandal at Scutari and the hospitals in the East. The reform of the Army Medical Department (and the removal of Dr. Smith) rose to a high position Florence Nightingale’s agenda. In his evidence to this report Smith, in effect repeats his excuses, as first given to the Roebuck Commission and continues in his course of defending the status quo. When asked if he thought that the presence of female nurses desirable in army medical hospitals in the field he that in general they were but was unable to resist adding to this that such nurses as he had encountered were often “drunk, and not well conducted.”


SCUTARI HOSPITAL

46. [MONEY, A and G. H.] Sebastopol. Our tent in the Crimea; and wanderings in Sebastopol. London. Richard Bentley. 1856. x,errata leaf,333pp. Folding map as frontispiece. Small piece torn from corner of front free endpaper. Original orange embossed cloth, slightly marked and rubbed but a very good copy.

Chapter IV Contains “Scutari Its hospitals,” “Miss Nightingale’s turret.” Other sections included “Comparative Health of Armies,” and “Nursing a Regiment.”

The authors visited Scutari and its hospitals on 25th July 1855 and present an interesting picture of the state of affairs at the Hospital at Scutari after the initial crisis was passed and Florence Nightingale had done her work and introduce her reforms.

“They were now comparatively empty, not one bed in ten occupied. Nothing could exceed the cleanly comfortable appearance of the wards. Each bed was supplied with the necessities of plate, spoon, fork, cup etc. The bedding and clothes were excellent... Many of the sick and wounded were reading. They had tracts, and what I thought better, books to interest them. All those to whom I spoke, declared they were very comfortable. In fact, the public indignation consequent on the revelations of last winter, seems to have brought about a perfect reaction in matters..” They went on to visit Soyer’s kitchen, Miss Burdett Coutts’s clothes-drying apparatus, the burial ground where they noticed particularly the grave of a nurse Sophia Barnes who died on April 4, 1855 and finally on to the tower where Florence Nightingale herself lived.


47. HERBERT, Sidney. Military education. Speech of The Rt. Hon. Sidney Herbert, in the House of Commons, June 5, 1856, on the education and instruction of the officers on the army. With an appendix. London. James Ridgeway. 1856. 52pp. Recent wrappers.
Part of Herbert’s campaign, strongly supported by Florence Nightingale, for the reform of the army.


1856-1857
DISEASES OF ARMY IN THE EAST
THE HOME OFFICE COPY

48. [LYONS, Robert D.] Report on the pathology of the diseases of the army in the East. London. HMSO. 1856. Folio. [4],xv,120pp.

By an instruction dated April 27, 1855 signed by Panmure and communicated by B. Hawes Dr. Lyons was instructed to proceed to Scutari to carry out an examination of the diseases affecting the army in the Crimea; diarrhoea, cholera, fever, typhoid, gangrene etc.

bound with

(COMMISSIONERS APPOINTED TO INQUIRE INTO THE SYSTEM OF PURCHASE AND SALE OF COMMISSIONS IN THE ARMY) Report... with evidence and appendix. London. HMSO. 1857. Folio. xxxvi,496pp.

Sidney Herbert was one of the commissioners.

Two reports bound together in one volume. Brown library buckram, red labels. Preserving the Sessional title page and Index leaf at the front of each volume. On the back of the Sessional title is a contemporary manuscript inscription “This Book is to be preserved in the Office of Her Majesty’s principal Secretary of State Home Department, 1857(2).” Very good copies.


1857
HOSPITAL AND ARMY COOKING IN THE CRIMEA WITH
VIVID FIRST-HAND ACCOUNT OF FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

49. SOYER, Alexis. Soyer’s culinary campaign. Being historical reminiscences of the late war. With the plain art of cookery for military and civil institutions, the army, navy, public, etc. etc. London. G. Routledge and Co. 1857. viii,598pp + 2pp advts. Portrait frontispiece, engraved title, and 7 engraved plates, some foxing. Original blue cloth some wear to spine expertly restored. INSCRIBED PRESENTATION COPY FROM THE AUTHOR. “With the author’s best compliments to his most worthy and esteemed friend T. Flood Esq., A. Soyer.”
Cook Life of Florence Nightingale. Vol. II. p. 461. Bibliography; Appendix B. List of some writings about Miss Florence Nightingale. No 15. The plate at p. 143 is “Miss Nightingale and the dying soldier.”

“Also of much value, as the record of an eye-witness, and a participator in Miss Nightingale’s work.”

Alexis Benoit Soyer (1809-1858), cook. In 1855 he offered his services to advise on cooking for the army engaged in the Crimean war. He commenced his duties and revised the dietaries at Scutari and Constantinople. In two visits to Balaclava, working together with Florence Nightingale, he reorganised the victualling of the hospitals.

“Within a few weeks of his arrival he had completely reorganised the cooking and rationing arrangements at Florence Nightingale’s barracks hospital, before going on to Balaclava itself to direct the catering for the army in the field. It was here that he invented the famous field kitchen which was in use for nearly a hundred years, and with which troops in the field were fed from almost up to World War II.” [Quayle p. 215.]

In 1858 Florence Nightingale called in her old friend to assist with the Barracks and Hospitals Commission to which she was herself advisor-in-chief. The work was only just begun when Soyer died suddenly. “His death,” she wrote to Captain Galton (Aug. 28), “is a great disaster. Others have studied cookery for the purpose of gormandizing, some for show, but none but he for the purpose of cooking large quantities of food in the most nutritious manner for great number of men. He has no successor.” Cook I. p. 382.

In this book Soyer records at length his dealings with Florence Nightingale, their first meeting, her work with him on the hospital kitchens, his visits with her to sick and dying soldiers, on each occasion faithfully noting down their conversations. On page 153 he gives a short physical description of her:

“Having had the honour and the opportunity of seeing Miss Nightingale almost daily for above a year, my readers will no doubt be pleased, and feel interested, by my giving a short description of this estimable lady, whose fame in this war has been almost universal.
She is rather high in stature, fair in complexion, and slim in person; her hair is brown, and is worn quite plain; her physiognomy is most pleasing; her eyes, of a bluish tint, speak volumes, and are always sparkling with intelligence; her mouth is small and well formed, while her lips act in unison, and make known the impressions of her heart... Her visage, as regards expression, is very remarkable, and one can almost anticipate by her countenance what she is about to say: alternatively, with matters of the most grave import, a gentle smile passes radiantly over her countenance, thus proving her evenness of temper...”

One of the best, most lively and vivid of the first hand accounts of Florence Nightingale in the Crimea.


“IT SAVED THE BRITISH ARMY”: FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

50. SUTHERLAND, John M.D, GAVIN, Hector, M.D. and RAWLINSON, Robert, C.E. Report to Right Hon. Lord Panmure, G.C.B., etc. Minister at War, of the proceedings of the Sanitary Commission despatched to the seat of war in the East. 1855-67. Presented to both Houses of Parliament, by Command of Her Majesty. London: Printed by Harrison and Sons. [1857]. 8vo. bulked out to folio size; each leaf inlaid onto a folio blank. 11 coloured plates. 1 very large folding panorama in two parts and a large coloured map of the Crimea at the end of the Appendix. Rebound in quarter red morocco, cloth boards. A very good copy.

Provenance The Home Office copy.

Florence Nightingale had been able to oversee some sanitary improvements to the hospitals in the Crimea but sanitary engineering works on a larger scale were only carried out after her urgent and detailed representations to the authorities at home.

“When the Government was reconstituted after the fall of Lord Aberdeen, with Lord Panmure as Secretary at War, this lesson was taken to heart and a Commission of Three - Dr. John Suthlerand, Dr. Hector Gavin, and Mr. Robert Rawlinson, C.E. - was sent out to the East. They received their instructions on February 19, 1855, and within three days they sailed.” Kinglake thought the tone of the instructions showed the hand of Florence Nightingale. Much of the work at home, though, was in fact carried out by Lord Shaftesbury, who pressed the appointment of the commissioners upon Lord Panmure, and who was employed to draft their instructions. The report of this Commission is the primary source for the actual conditions prevailing in the hospitals of the Crimea. The Commissioners set about the work of sanitary engineering with great dispatch, and the death-rate in the hospitals fell, as the result of their reforms, with remarkable rapidity. “The sanitary conditions of the hospitals of Scutari,” Miss Nightingale told the Royal Commission of 1857, “were inferior in point of crowding, ventilation, drainage, and cleanliness, up to the middle of March 1855, to any civil hospital, or to the poorest homes of the worst parts of the civil population of any large town I have ever seen. After the sanitary works undertaken at that date were executed (June), I know no buildings in the world which I could compare with them in these points, the original defects of construction of course excepted.”
It was this Commission, as Miss Nightingale said afterwards to Lord Shaftesbury, that “saved the British Army.” In Dr. Sutherland, the head of the Sanitary Commission, Miss Nightingale found a warm admirer and a stout supporter. During his stay he acted as her physician. On her return to England she was on terms of warm friendship with him and his wife and Dr. Sutherland was one of her close allies in the battle for reform in army hygiene. With Mr (afterwards Sir Robert) Rawlinson she also formed a friendship which lasted to the end of his life. Dr. Gavin, who had been one of the pioneers of Public Health reform in England died in the Crimea during the work of the Commission.

Sir Edward Cook The Life of Florence Nightingale I, p. 220-1.


1857
NETLEY HOSPITAL

51. (NETLEY HOSPITAL). Returns respecting Netley Hospital. Ordered, by the house of Commons to be printed, 13 July 1857. [London HMSO 1857.]. Folio. 19,[1]pp.

bound with

(NETLEY HOSPITAL). Reports from Dr. Mapleton and Captain Laffan as to the site... Report from Dr. Andrew Smith on the site of Netley etc. Ordered, by the House of Commons to be printed, 11 December 1857. [London HMSO 1857.]. Folio. 5,[1]pp.

Rebound together in boards

Netley Abbey was the first General Military Hospital. Lord Panmure had consulted Florence Nightingale extensively about the plans. The main point at issue between Florence Nightingale and Lord Panmure was whether or not it should be constructed on the “pavilion system” which she championed. The pans were far advanced and Panmure was not inclined to change them; Florence Nightingale lost the battle as far as Netley was concerned but the “pavilion system” became the recognised prescription in the building of hospitals from then on. (See Cook Vol. I. p. 327,340-2.) For the Netley report in which the hand of Florence Nightingale is unmistakable, see above.


MEDICAL AND SURGICAL HISTORY OF THE BRITISH ARMY IN TURKEY AND THE CRIMEA
THE HOME OFFICE SET

52. (SMITH, Andrew et. al.) Medical and surgical history of the British Army which served in turkey and the Crimea during the war against Russia in the years 1854-55-56. In two volumes. Vol. I. Military medical history of individual corps. Presented to both House of Parliament by Command of her Majesty. London. Harrison and sons. 1858. Folio. iv,560pp. Two large folding part-coloured maps at the front of the volume.

Volume II Part I. History of disease. Part II. History of wounds and injuries. Presented to both House of Parliament by Command of her Majesty. London. Harrison and sons. 1858. Folio. iv,480pp. Plus a large number of folding graphs etc., some coloured. Brown library buckram. Preserving the Sessional title page and Index leaf at the front of each volume. On the back of the Sessional title is a contemporary manuscript inscription “This Book is to be preserved in the Office of Her Majesty’s principal Secretary of State Home Department, 1858.” Very good copies.

As is made clear in the Preface this publication was initiated and arranged by Dr. Andrew Smith, Director General of the Army Medical Department (1853-58). Smith was the man who advised Lord Panmure, the minister for War, and it was Smith whom many, including Florence Nightingale held partly responsible for the fiasco of the Crimean supplies. Lord Grey, in a private memorandum to Florence Nightingale, said that Smith should have been court-martialled, a position with which, according to Cook, she would not have been likely to disagree. (Cook I 354). In fact, in the way of such things, Smith was knighted and was allowed, after the war was over, to obstruct the cause of reform for many months. In his preface Dr. Smith states that he had had no official information to go on when confronted by the need to make medical provision for the army in the Crimea and that had it not been for the unforeseen epidemics of cholera and diarrhoea the plans he had made would have proved adequate. These two substantial volumes are an implicit exercise in self-justification and were undoubtedly designed to show the maximum degree of scientific and professional thoroughness.


1859
SANITARY CONDITION OF ARMY

53. [HERBERT, Hon. Sidney Herbert.] The sanitary condition of the army. Reprinted from the “Westminster Review” for January, 1859. London. John Chapman. 1859. 48pp. Recased in cloth preserving the original printed front card wrapper. From the Nightingale collection in the Wellcome Library with stamp and de-accession stamp. Inscribed “From the Author”. A good copy.

In 1859 Sidney Herbert was appointed chairman of the Royal Commission on the Sanitary State of the Indian Army. The health and well-being of soldier united the efforts of Herbert and Nightingale. In this short but important pamphlet Herbert describes the appalling mortality rates in the army. On pages 32-3 he quotes extensively from Florence Nightingale’s recommendations for changes in the organization and administration of the army which were necessary to improve health and sanitary conditions.


1860
REFORM OF ARMY ORGANIZATION

54. [HERBERT, Hon. Sidney Herbert.] Report of the select committee on military organization; together with the proceedings of the committee, minutes of evidence, and appendix. Ordered, by the house of Commons, to be printed, 9 July 1860. (441). [London. HMSO. 1860.] lx,732pp. Folding plate at p. 674.

Index to the report from the select committee on military organization. Ordered, by the House of Commons, to be printed, 9 July 1860. (441-I) [London. HMSO. 1860.] iv,88,[2]pp.
Old brown library buckram with green morocco labels, stamped in blind on the front board “Home Office”, preserving the Sessional title page and Index leaf at the front. On the back of the Index in both volumes is a contemporary manuscript inscription “This Book is to be preserved in the Office of Her Majesty’s principal Secretary of State Home Department. 1860.” A very good copy.

“The New Year (1859) brought an event of great importance to the cause of Army Reform... Mr. Sidney Herbert, who for some years had been working for army reform as an outsider, now became Secretary for War. Bureaucratic procedures, vested interests and incompetence at the War Office had, ofcourse, been responsible for the disgraceful state of affairs in the army hospitals during the Crimean War. Florence Nightingale and her ally Sidney Herbert had pleaded long and hard for its reform. According to Cook amongst Florence Nightingale’s papers there are many drafts in which she and Dr. Sutherland “reorganized the War Office from top to bottom.” (Cook I. p. 403) Sidney Herbert chaired this committee and also gave extensive evidence (pp. 443-513). Her other ally who gave evidence was Sir John McNeill. Amongst others who gave evidence, though, were Florence Nightingale’s adversaries, and they were formidable; the representatives of vested interest and of the status quo including Lord Panmure, Sir Benjamin Hawes (Permanent Under Secretary at the War Office) whom she wanted to see resign, and the Duke of Cambridge, commanding officer of the Horse guards. Florence Nightingale was fearful of the result. “Our scheme of reorganization,” she wrote to Sir John McNeill (Jan. 17, 1861), “is at last launched at the War Office; but I feel that Hawes may make it fail: there is no strong hand over him.” The work of this select committee was, sadly, almost the last official business Sidney Herbert was able to conduct because his health broke down under the strain of overwork and he died in August 1861. Florence Nightingale had lost her most valuable ally. “He died before his work was done,” she wrote - the preservation of the health, physical and moral of the British soldiers. (See Cook I p. 408).


1861
NURSING DEPARTMENTS IN LARGE HOSPITALS

55. BONHAM-CARTER, Henry. Suggestions for improving the management of the nursing department in large hospitals. London: Blades, East, and Blades. 1867. 20pp. Recent wrappers.

Henry Bonham Carter, Secretary to the Nightingale Fund. For Florence Nightingale and Bonham-Carter see Cook.

Bonham-Carter seeks to add to what Florence Nightingale had already written in Notes on Nursing particularly as regards the machinery of the nursing department. He maintains that only systematically trained women should be employed as nurses.


1862
ONE OF MISS NIGHTINGALE’S CRIMEA NURSES

56. GOODMAN, Margaret. Experiences of an English Sister of Mercy. By Margaret Goodman. London: Smith, Elder and Co., 65, Cornhill. 1862. [4],234,[2]pp. Last page blank except for imprint. Original blue ribbed cloth, spine a little worn and dulled but still a good copy.

Cook Life of Florence Nightingale. Vol. II. p. 461. Bibliography; Appendix B. List of some writings about Miss Florence Nightingale. No 18.

“Miss Goodman was one of the ‘Sellonites’; she gives a somewhat detailed account of the nursing.” Cook.

Florence Nightingale was anxious that the little party of nurses selected to assist her in the Crimea should reflect all shades of religious opinion because, in the words of Lady Verney, “Flo so earnestly desired... to prove that all however they differed, might work together in a common brotherhood of love to God and man... The party, as ultimately recruited, was composed of ten Roman Catholic Sisters (five from Bermondsey and five from Norwood), eight Anglican Sisters (from Miss Sellon’s Home at Devonport), six nurses from St. Johns’ House, and fourteen from various English hospitals. It has often been supposed that the nurses who accompanied Miss Nightingale were ladies of gentle birth, but, with a few exceptions, this was not the case. On the eve of their departure, the nurses were addressed by Mr. Herbert’s in his dining-groom. He told them if any desired to turn back, now was the time of decision, and he impressed upon them that all who went were bound implicitly to obey Miss Nightingale in all things.” Cook Vol. I p. 159-60.

Nurse Goodman gives her own account of that meeting in Sidney Herbert’s house and of her first meeting with Florence Nightingale. The book gives a vivid account of the suffering and death in the Crimea and of her nursing work among the soldiers. Chapters include: “The war in the Crimea,” “The hospital at Scutari,” “Christmas Scutari - Hospital incidents.”


FOOD FOR THE ARMY; ARMY COOKING

57. (REPORTS). Reports on Captain Grant’s cooking apparatus. Presented to the House of Commons by Command of her Majesty. London. HMSO. [1862]. Folio. 10pp. Illustrated with attractive woodcuts. Rebound in boards.


1864
TRIBUTE TO FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

58. [EDGE, F. M.]. A woman’s example: and a nations’ work. A tribute to Florence Nightingale. London. William Ridgeway, 169, Picadilly. 1864. [5],6-87,[1],91-2pp. Original printed wrappers. Inscribed presentation copy from the author: “R. C. Fisher Esq. With the author’s regards.” Wrappers a bit dusted, slight wear to paper at bottom of spine otherwise a very good copy.

Bishop and Goldie p. 136. E.T. Cook Appendix B No 23. “An account of the work of the United States Sanitary Commission (1861), inspired by American women. ‘All that is herein chronicled,’ says the author in a dedication to Florence Nightingale, ‘you have a right to claim as the result of your own work’“.


GENEVA CONVENTION

59. LONGMORE, deputy-inspector General Thomas. On the Geneva Convention of August the 22nd, 1864, with some account of the National Committees formed for aiding in ameliorating the condition of the sick and wounded of armies in time of war. A lecture delivered at the Royal United Services Institution. London. Harrison and Sons. n.d. [1866.] 21pp. Rebound in boards. For Private circulation only. Inscribed presentation copy from the author to [Professor] F. de Chaumont.

Dr. Longmore, Professor of Military Surgery, at the Army Medical School at Netley. He had seen service in the Crimea and was a friend and close collaborator of Florence Nightingale. In July 1864 Florence Nightingale was engaged working for the War Office on the British contribution to the international congress which framed the famous Geneva Convention. The British delegates were Dr. Longmore and Dr. Rutherford. She drafted their instructions.
Sir Harry Verney, who was in the chair at the meeting at which this address was given had married Florence Nightingale’s sister in 1858. In his opening remarks he states that Florence Nightingale had said to him that, in her opinion, there was no one better qualified than Longmore to speak on this subject.

In his address Longmore discusses the effect and impact of the work by Henry Dunant Un Souvenir de Solferino and of the movement in public opinion which led up to the formulating of the Geneva Convention. The nine articles of the convention are listed and Longmore discusses each one in turn.

Professor F. de Chaumont to whom this copy was presented was the author of the article in the 9th edition of Encyclopedia Britannica which criticised aspects of Netley Hospital - criticisms which confirmed the position taken earlier by Florence Nightingale on the same subject.


HYGIENE OF THE ARMY IN INDIA

60. CLARK, Stewart. Practical observations on the hygiene of the army in India: including remarks on the ventilation and conservancy of Indian prisons; with a chapter on prison management. Illustrated with woodcuts. London: Smith, Elder, and Co. 1864. viii, errata slip, 162pp. Frontispiece, folding plan and text woodcuts. Original brown cloth a very good copy. From the Welcome Library with stamp on the back of the title page and de-accession stamp over it.

Though Florence Nightingale is not mentioned by name, this book very much follows on from her work on hygiene in the Army and cites The royal Commission on the sanitary State of the army in India and The report of the commissioners appointed for improving the sanitary condition of barracks and hospitals.


1865
THE HERBERT HOSPITAL: THE NEW IDEAS OF HOSPITAL
CONSTRUCTION PUT INTO PRACTICE

61. GALTON, Douglas. Herbert Hospital, Woolwich. Report to the Right Hon. the Earl De Grey and Ripon, secretary of State for year, descriptive of the Herbert Hospital at Woolwich. By Douglas Galton, Assistant Under Secretary of State for War. Presented to both House of Parliament by command. London. 1865. Folio. 45,[1]pp. + Folding plans and diagrams.

In 1858 the Barrack and Hospital Improvement Committee reported that the Garrison Hospital at Woolwich was overcrowded and insanitary. In 1859 Sidney Herbert came into office as Secretary of Sate for War and he decided upon the construction of a new hospital at Woolwich. Herbert and Galton were, ofcourse, Florence Nightingale’s two most important allies and thus the new hospital was and ideal training ground for her ideas as to hospital construction. In his report Galton mentions the 1857 Commission on the Sanitary State of the Army and Florence Nightingale’s submission to it: “containing the results of extensive experience in hospitals of every variety of construction in most European countries in addition to the war hospitals in the east.” p. 5.


1866
LIVERPOOL TRAINING SCHOOL AND HOME FOR NURSES

62. [MERRYWEATHER, Mary.] Fourth annual report of the Liverpool Training School and Home for Nurses. 1865. Liverpool: The Liverpool printing and stationary company limited, 38, Castle Street. 1866. 58,[2]. The final leaf contains a plan of the districts. Recent wrappers. A good copy.

The reform in the provision of nursing for the sick poor began in Liverpool, and the initiative was due to William Rathbone, a strong supporter of Florence Nightingale’s work. He used to speak of her as his “beloved chief”. His lengthy correspondence with her began in 1861 when he wanted to introduce a system of District Nursing among the poor of Liverpool. There were no trained nurses anywhere to be had, and he consulted Miss Nightingale. She suggested to him that Liverpool had better train nurses for itself in its own hospital, the Royal Infirmary. Rathbone took up the idea, and built a Training School and Home for Nurses. This institution provided nurses both for the Royal Infirmary and for poor patients in their own homes. Miss Nightingale gave to all Mr. Rathbone’s plans close and constant consideration “as if she herself were going to be the matron.” The scheme was started in 1862, and proved so great a success that Mr. Rathbone was encouraged to attempt an extension of his benevolent enterprise and introduce a system of nursing care to the workhouse. See Cook II p. 124-5. Florence Nightingale wrote an account of the Liverpool Nurses Training School which she published in 1865 in The Organisation of Nursing in a Large Town. (See above).

Original reports from the Liverpool Nurses Training School are extremely rare. The introduction to the present example is signed by Mary Merryweather, the Lady Superintendent. In the section entitled “District Nursing” she quotes Florence Nightingale’s maxim about the unsafeness of hospitals as places for the sick poor.


1867

63. LONGMORE, Thomas. Catalogue of articles contained in the museum of military surgery attached to the army medical school at Netley. London. George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode. 1867. 42,[2]pp. Recent wrappers. A very good copy.

“The Museum of Military Surgery at Netley is chiefly intended to afford the means of illustrating certain portions of the course of lectures on military Surgery at the Army Medical School, more particularly those parts of the course which refer to the duties of medical officers on field service.” Preface.


ARMY HOSPITALS AND MEDICAL SUPPLIES

64. (COMMITTEE INTO THE TRANSPORT AND SUPPLY DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY.) Report of a committee appointed by the secretary of state for war to enquire into the administration of the transport and supply departments of the army. Presented to both Houses of Parliament. London. Harrison and Sons. 1867. Folio. xlvi,572pp. Rebound in green cloth, black label.

With evidence by Sir James Gibson on “Hospital Staff and Equipment,” Lieut. Col George Shaw on “Wagons and Ambulances,” and Dr. John Sutherland on “French Hospital Administration absorption of purveyor’s department under control department.” (pp. 147-151).
Ford and Ford Select list of British Parliamentary Papers, 1833-1899 p. 10. The complete report.

Dr. John Sutherland was one of the leading sanitarians of his day. He had been an inspector under the first Board of Health (1848) and had been employed by the Government in many special inquiries. As head of the Sanitary Commission sent to the Crimea in 1855 he met Florence Nightingale and thereafter they became close allies. “He served on almost every Commission, Sub-Commission, and committee with which she had anything to do. She always insisted on his inclusion. He was, as it were, her Chief-of-Staff; and also in large measure her Private Secretary.” Cook Florence Nightingale Vol. I. p. 355-6.


1870
ARMY MEDICAL SCHOOL; FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE’S
BRAIN CHILD

65. LONGMORE, deputy-inspector General Thomas. Introductory lecture delivered at Netley on commencing the twentieth session of the Army Medical School, 1st April, 1870. Printed by Request. Glasgow. Printed by Bell and Bain. 1870. 20pp. Rebound in marbled boards with black label lettered in gilt. A very nice copy.

The establishment of an Army Medical School had long been one of Florence Nightingale’s most cherished ideas. In 1860 when Sidney Herbert was Secretary of State it came to fruition. According to Cook “The Army Medical School was peculiarly Miss Nightingale’s child, and she watched over its early stages with constant solicitude. Mr Herbert had commissioned her, in consultation with Sir James Clark, to make Regulations. He had the nomination of the professors. For the chair of Hygiene she nominated Dr. E. A. Parkes, whose acquaintance she had made during the Crimean War. It would be difficult to exaggerate the services which the stimulating teaching of this great sanitarian rendered to the cause of military hygiene.”
Dr. Longmore, Professor of military Surgery, in an opening address made in 1860 made public acknowledgement to the services of Florence Nightingale as the true founder of the School.” See Cook Vol. I p. 390, 392.

In the present address, made ten years after the opening of the school, Longmore recalls the occasion of that first address when Sidney Herbert, who had died shortly afterwards, had been a member of the audience.


1871
EYE-WITNESS ACCOUNT OF FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
AT SCUTARI

66. BUCHANAN, George. Camp life as seen by a civilian. A personal narrative. Glasgow. James Maclehose. 1871. xii,298pp. Original green cloth, bevelled edges. Inscribed presentation copy to William E. Gladstone M.P.

George Buchanan A.M., M.D., surgeon to the General Hospital in the camp before Sebastopol. Chapter II “The Crimea and Scutari” contains sections “Scutari Hospital, Miss Nightingale, Mrs Blackwood’s staff of Washerwomen”. This contains a first-hand account of Miss Nightingale at work. On 14th July 1855 Buchanan made a systematic examination of Scutari Hospital where he found that “All the horrors described by the ‘correspondents’ of last winter had given place to the most perfect order and cleanliness. The kitchen had been much improved since the recent visit of Soyer the cook, and the nursing department was perfect, under the superintendence of Miss Nightingale. I met the surgeon Mr Cullen... He spoke highly in praise of Miss Nightingale... Whatever may be said on the general question of having female nurses in military hospitals, one thing is clear, that, under such guidance they are an inestimable boon. The amount of good done personally by Miss Nightingale will never be fully known... And she did everything so quietly and unostentatiously... She dressed in the simplest way - not rigorously, nor ostentatiously severe. An old, large, scooped, straw bonnet, trimmed with black, a black dress, and black and white checked shawl, to none at all, was her usual costume. Another lady, not so well known, did a great deal of good at Scutari - Mrs Blackwood, who organised a staff of washerwomen, soldiers’ wives of respectable character...” pp. 104-6. The final chapter, chapter VII, returns to the subject of Miss Nightingale: “The horrors of Scutari, The Times Relief Fund, Miss Nightingale and her band of heroines, Reorganisation of the Medical Department” pp. 291-8.


1874
THE BERMONDSEY NUNS IN THE CRIMEA

67. [O’MEARA, Kathleen.] Thomas Grant. First Bishop of Southwark. Second edition. London. Smith. Elder and Co., 1874. xv,400pp + advts, Original blue cloth A very good copy.
For the first edition see Cook Life of Florence Nightingale. Vol. II. p. 463. Bibliography; Appendix B. Lists of some writings about Miss Florence Nightingale. No 25.

This edition, issued under the author’s name and not under the pseudonym, is revised with a new preface by William Bernard. The Material on the mission of the Bermondsey Nuns under Miss Nightingale is here split into two chapters Chapter X and Chapter XII.



c.1874

68. OWEN, Mrs Octavius Freire. The heroines of domestic life. A new edition. London. George Routledge and sons. n.d. [c. 1874]. 403+16pp. advts. Original blue cloth. A very good copy.

The work is dedicated to Angela Burdett Coutts. The chapter devoted to Florence Nightingale is the last in the volume, pp. 381-403. It is illustrated by a fine woodcut of Florence Nightingale in one of the hospitals in the Crimea by Dalziel.


ELABORATE PRESENTATION INSCRIPTION BY FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

69. NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Elaborate signed presentation inscription [in] TANNER, Thomas Hawkes. The practice of medicine. The seventh edition, revised by W. H. Broadbent, M.D. In two volumes. London. Henry Renshaw. 1875. xviii,[2],642pp. + 16pp advts.; [6],675,[1]pp. Both volumes with half title. Original maroon cloth, neatly rebacked in cloth. On the half title to volume one is an elaborate presentation inscription by Florence Nightingale “To our dear ‘Sister’ Miss Edith Notcutt. With the gratitude of all her St. Thomas’s Probationers for whom she has done so much! for the last 4 1/2 years: and with the most earnest hopes that 5 years hence she may look back at Belfast upon a wider and yet more successful usefulness. Florence Nightingale London Feb. 29/[18]76.”

From this inscription it appears that Edith Notcutt was a nurse responsible for the training of the probationer nurses at St. Thomas’s and that she was leaving to take up a similar appointment at Belfast.


1880
HEALTHY HOUSES, HOSPITALS, BARRACKS AND ASYLUMS
BY THE FRIEND OF FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

70. GALTON, Douglas. Observations on the construction of Healthy dwellings namely houses, hospitals, barracks, asylums, etc. Oxford. At the Clarendon Press. 1880. 296pp. Contemporary polished calf, neatly rebacked. A good copy.

First edition. Garrison and Morton 1621. “State Medicine: Public Health: Hygiene.”
In 1851 Galton married Florence Nightingale’s cousin. Some few years later he became, according to Sir Edward Cook in the preface to The Life of Florence Nightingale, “closely and helpfully connected with Miss Nightingale’s work.” Captain Galton served on the Barracks and Hospitals Commission which was appointed in 1857. He was also on the Barracks Works Committee which had been set up at Florence Nightingale’s instigation and which submitted a draft report to her for criticism and suggestion. Cook comments “There are many causes to which the improved health of the Army in our own time may be attributed, but the chief of them has probably been the improvement of barrack accommodation, and for this the name of Florence Nightingale deserves to be held in grateful remembrance by the Army and by the nation.” Florence Nightingale worked with Galton on several further Committees and Commissions.

A direct result of her book Notes on Hospitals was to bring upon Florence Nightingale copious requests for advice from the committees or officials of civic hospitals and infirmaries throughout the country. To all such requests she readily responded. Writing was with her a means to action; and when she was given any chance of translating Notes into deeds, no trouble was too great for her. She had decided views of her own, but in particular cases often consulted other experts. Galton was amongst the most prominent and trusted of these advisers.
Sir Edward Cook in the preface to The Life of Florence Nightingale states that the letters of Florence Nightingale to Douglas Galton and the long series of his letters to her “forms a main authority for much of her activity in public affairs.”

Sir Douglas Galton died in 1898. Florence Nightingale was anxious that his services should be rightly appreciated in the press, and took some measures to that end. “The man whom we have lost,” she wrote privately (March 12, 1899), “Sir Douglas Galton, was the first Royal Engineer who put any sanitary work into R. Engineering. The head of these men at the War Office, the R. Engineers, himself said to me: ‘our business is to make roads and to build bridges - we have nothing to do with health and that kind of Doctor’s work,’ or words to that effect. Sir D. G. opened his own ears and his heart and his mind, and put all his powers into saving life while working in his profession.” Cook The Life of Florence Nightingale ii, p 414.


1886

71. HODDER, Edwin. The life and work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, K.G. With portraits. London. Cassell and Company. Ltd. 1886. In three volumes. 525pp.; 527pp.; 548pp. Original grey cloth. A very good set.

The first edition of the first major biography of Shaftesbury and still an indispensable source for material about his life and work.

Cook Life of Florence Nightingale. Vol. II. p. 463. Bibliography; Appendix B. List of some writings about Miss Florence Nightingale. No 29.

“This contains some references to the Crimean war pp. 503 seq., and letters from Florence Nightingale 505, 581.”

Florence Nightingale’s interest in the poor brought her at an early stage into contact with Lord Shaftesbury. Through him she was introduced to ragged school work. Lord Shaftesbury was instrumental in calling for the Sanitary Commission of 1855 and he was employed by Lord Panmure to draft their instructions. Lords Shaftesbury was President of the Congress of the National Association for the Promotion of Social Science at Liverpool in 1858 at which Florence Nightingale gave two papers on Hospitals which were to be the germ of one of her most important books, Notes on Hospitals.


1888

72. [COCHRANE, Robert.] Lives of good and great women. London and Edinburgh. W and R. Chambers. 1888. 288pp. + advts. Frontispiece portrait of Florence Nightingale. Original red pictorial cloth. A good copy.

The chapter on Florence Nightingale is the second in the volume following that on Queen Victoria. See pp. 38-55. Other philanthropists include Octavia Hill, Sarah Marton, Jenny Lind, the Swedish Nightingale, and Mary Carpenter.


1890
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE AT SCUTARI

73. OSBORNE, Lord Sidney Godolphin. The letters of S.G.O. A series of letters on public affairs written by the Rev. Lord Sidney Godolphin Osborne and published in the “Times” 1844-1888. Edited by Arnold White. London. Griffith, Farran, Okeden and Welsh. [1890]. In two volumes. Front. port in vol. I. xxiv,436pp.; [6],389,[1]pp. Original green cloth. A very good set.

Lord Sidney Godolphin Osborne (1808-1889), philanthropist. “His special interest was perhaps the agricultural labourer, of whom his knowledge was unrivalled...” DNB. During the Crimean war Osborne made an unofficial inspection of the hospitals under Florence Nightingale’s care, and published his results. Parliament thanked him for his efforts. Osborne went with the blessing of Sidney Herbert and arrived at Scutari two days after Florence Nightingale. Chapter XVI “The Crimean War,” Vol. II, p 131-169, contains report on Scutari and its hospitals dated January 8th 1855 which refers to the work of Florence Nightingale throughout. Other chapters include “The Dorsetshire poor,” “Famine in India,” “Lancashire distress and relief,” “Sanitation,” “The labouring poor,” “The organization of charity,” “Poor Law,” “Labour questions,” “Women’s and children’s questions.”


1894
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE’S WORK IN THE CRIMEA

74. SANDERSON Sir T. H. and ROSCOE, E.S. Eds. Speeches and addresses of Edward Henry XVth Earl of Derby K.G. selected and edited by Sir T. H. Sanderson, K.C.B. and E. S. Roscoe. With a prefatory memoir by E. H. Lecky. And a portrait. In two volumes. London. Longmans, Green and Co. 1894. xliv,308pp. vii,317,[1]pp +24 pp. publisher’s advts. Original plumb cloth. Inscribed presentation copy from Mary Countess of Derby to the Duke of Bedford, April 1895. A fine set.

Edward Henry Stanley, fifteenth Earl of Derby (1826-1893), statesman. “He was conspicuous for his knowledge of and interest in such non-party matters as sanitary reform, technical education, the regulation of mines, the acquisition of people’s parks, and the growth of co-operative societies, and he was surpassed only by Lord Shaftesbury in the time and thought, and trouble he gave to them”. DNB.

The present collection of speeches contains many pieces on social reform including mechanics institutions, education, industrial schools, statistical method, charitable relief, children’s hospitals, overcrowding and improved dwellings for the working classes, sanitary questions, education of the deaf and dumb, savings banks, free libraries, juvenile offenders, education of the blind, and the mitigation of the smoke nuisance.

It also contains “Miss Nightingale - Woman’s work.” a speech given at Manchester in 1856. Vol. 1 pp 16-21. Lord Stanley was a great supporter of Florence Nightingale’s work. In 1855 he spoke on behalf of the Nightingale Fund. In 1857 he wrote on the report of the Royal Commission. As colonial secretary he promised to help Florence Nightingale and at the India Office he agreed to help her to appoint an Indian Sanitary Commission, eventually succeeding to Sidney Herbert as chairman of it. See numerous other references in Cook The Life of Florence Nightingale.

Sir Edward Cook cites Stanley’s Manchester speech and quotes it at length. See Cook I. p. 270-272.

“There is no part of England, no city or county, scarcely a considerable village, where some cottage household has not been comforted amidst its mourning for the loss of one who had fallen in the war, by the assurance that his last moments were watched, and the worst sufferings soothed, by that care, at once tender and skilful, which no man, and a few women, could have shown... And with the exception of Howard, the prison reformer, I know no person besides Miss Nightingale, who, within the last hundred years, within this island, or perhaps Europe, has voluntarily encountered dangers so imminent, and undertaken offices so repulsive, working for a large and worthy object, in a pure spirit of duty towards God and compassion for man.”


1897
SISTER MARY ALOYSIUS; NURSE IN THE CRIMEA

75. ALOYSIUS, Sister Mary. Memories of the Crimea. London. Burns and Oats, Limited. 1897. 128p. Original red cloth. A very good copy. Inscribed presentation copy from the author.”To my old and dear friend Mrs Glynn from her ever affectionate Sr. M. Aloysius.”
This book contains the first hand account of a Catholic Sister of the hospitals of Scutari, Koulali, and Baklava. It tells of caring for the wounded in the war and of a perhaps even greater battle against cholera and fever. In the year this volume was printed Sister Mary was awarded the “Red Cross” by Queen Victoria in recognition of her noble work. Florence Nightingale was highly appreciative of the work of the Catholic Nuns. The Appendix deals extensively with the relationship between the Catholic Sisters and Florence Nightingale and the work they carried out together.


MILITARY PREJUDICE AGAINST FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

76. STIRLING, Lieut.-colonel Anthony. The story of the highland brigade in the Crimea. Founded on letters written during the years 1854, 1855, and 1856. New edition. London. John Maqueen. 1897. xxxii,394pp. Portrait frontispiece and eighteen maps, plans and panorama, fourteen of them double-page. Some light browning but a very good copy in the original blue decorative cloth.

Cook Life of Florence Nightingale. Vol. II. p. 464. Bibliography; Appendix B. List of some writings about Miss Florence Nightingale. No 33.

Originally privately published, the author had hoped that his work would be published on his death: “At that time the executor considered too many personal feelings would be wronged by the writer’s stringent criticisms, but in the interval, nearly all those who were responsible for the avoidable Crimean disasters have passed away, and now the publication may serve as a salutary record of the mismanagement that has too frequently attended military expeditions from this country,” [From the Editor’s Introduction.]

This book is important, to quote Cook, “as illustrating military prejudice against Florence Nightingale.”

“The idea of employing female nurses at Scutari had been mooted before the army left for the East, but was abandoned, as the Duke of Newcastle explained, because ‘it was not liked by the military authorities Of the military prejudice against the intrusion of women, even in the gentle office of nursing, into the rough work of war, some entertaining illustrations are on record. Lieutenant-Colonel Sterling... was on active service during the Crimean campaign... He wrote a series of lively letters during the campaign, and in his will directed that they be published. Nowhere, so clearly as in Sterling’s Highland Brigade in the Crimea, have I found contemporary evidence of the prejudices against which the experiment of Mr. Sidney Herbert and Miss Nightingale had to contend.” Comments of a disparaging nature abound in his book. He concluded by hoping, when Sidney Herbert was gone, “that there is not to be found another minister who will allow these absurdities.”

When in 1895 Florence Nightingale saw a copy of his book she made some severe marginalia upon it noting the authors ‘absolute ignorance of sanitary things,’ and dismissing it as ‘one long string of Seniority complaints.’“ See Cook, Vol. I 167-8, 206-7, 214, 287, 466.


1905

77. RATHBONE, Eleanor, F. William Rathbone. A memoir. London. Macmillan and Co. 1905. viii,507,[1]pp. Front. port. Original blue cloth. A good copy.

Cook Bibliography B 39. “Numerous references to Miss Nightingale and accounts of undertakings in which she was concerned with Mr. Rathbone.”

William Rathbone (1819-1902), Liverpool philanthropist. He consulted Florence Nightingale about a supply of nurses and she suggested that Liverpool should form a school to train nurses for itself. As a result Rathbone helped to found the Liverpool Training School and home for Nurses which began work on 1 July, 1862. The reform of sick nursing in the workhouses was also achieved by Rathbone, who secured in 1865 the invaluable services of Florence Nightingale’s protege Agnes Elizabeth Jones (1832-1868). DNB.


1911

78. REID, Douglas Arthur. Memoirs of the Crimean War January 1855 to June 1856. By Douglas Arthur Reid, M.D. Formerly Assistant Surgeon 90th Light Infantry. London. The St. Catherine Press. 1911. 4to. xv,[1],206,[2]pp. With a number of illustrations from Photographs and Sketches taken during and after the siege - not hitherto published - and a comprehensive map, showing the position of the contending armies in the various battles. Numerous plates and folding maps. Original green cloth, gilt, slightly spotted. Inscribed presentation copy from the author to his daughter Florence Mary Reid.

With much detail on the condition and treatment of the wounded. Chapter VI is mainly on Florence Nightingale: “Lord Raglan visits the Camp Hospitals - Medical Supplies very Scarce - Hospitals Overcrowded - State of the Wounded - Visit of Miss Nightingale - Her Work at the Hospitals - The Lady with the lamp - Sermon by Dr. Melvile on her Mission. - National Testimonial. £50,000 collected. - Her Death in 1910.

Opposite p. 41 is a large illustration of Florence Nightingale take from a photograph.


1914
FIRST MAJOR BIOGRAPHY

79. COOK, Sir Edward. The life of Florence Nightingale. In two volumes. London. Macmillan and Co., Limited. 1913. 507p.; 510p. Original blue cloth. Contemporary ownership inscription on the front free endpapers. A very good set.

The first edition appeared in November 1913. This is the second issue of later the same month.
The is the fullest and most authoritative life of Florence Nightingale to be published up to this date. It remains essential for any study of her life. At the end of vol. 2 is a substantial bibliographical section listing (a) Works by Florence Nightingale (b) Writings about her. (c) Portraits of her.


REMARKS BY A NIGHTINGALE NURSE

80. BURGESS, A. G. [Untitled remarks on nursing] n.p, n.d. [1914] 15,[1]pp. Original red cloth wrapper’s a fine copy.

With the initials “A.G.B.” and the date “January, 1914” at printed at the end. Underneath in manuscript has been added “A. G. Burgess generally called Sister Grace, Nurse at Welbeck Abbey.”

The preface tells us that the remarks were addressed to the British Red Cross Welbeck Women’s Detachment by “an old Nightingale Nurse” who had known Florence Nightingale personally. “She knew and loved Miss Nightingale - was trained under that wonderful first matron of Nightingale Nurses, Mrs Wardroper, and was privileged to help on the early days by doing some of the spade work which has made the lot of the modern nurse so much easier.” The address which quotes remarks from Florence Nightingale urges the nurses to strive always for the highest standards.


1927
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE’S ASSISTANT IN THE CRIMEA

81. DEVAS, Francis Charles. Mother Mary Magdalen of the sacred heart (Fanny Margaret Taylor) foundress of the Poor Servants of the mother of God 1832-1900. With a preface by His Eminence Cardinal Bourne Archbishop of Westminster. And a letter of appreciation from His Eminence Cardinal Gasquet, O.S.B. London. Burns Oates and Washbourne Ltd. 1927. 385pp. Original blue cloth. A very good copy.

Chapter II is “Nursing in the Crimean War with Florence Nightingale.”

Miss Fanny Taylor was one of a new party nurses sent out with Miss Stanley by Sidney Herbert. Fanny Taylor’s memoirs, an important first-hand account of Florence Nightingale in the Crimea was published as Eastern hospitals and English nurses; the narrative of twelve months’ experience in the hospitals of Koulali and Scutari. By a lady volunteer. 1856. (Bishop and Goldie A bio Bibliography of Florence Nightingale. 1962. p. 136.) Florence Nightingale was working with vigour and determination to overcome considerable prejudice and persuade the army officers that women could prove trusted and useful assistants in army medical work. Sidney Herbert had agreed with Florence that no more nurses of any kind should be sent unless she asked for them. Herbert interpreted a passage in a letter home from one of Florence Nightingale’s assistants as just such a request. Accordingly he at once gave permission for a party under Miss Stanley to depart. When Florence heard that this new party was on its way she felt betrayed. A new amorphous party of ladies of very mixed abilities and uncertain motivations was just what she did not want. The problem of accommodation was also so acute by this time that Florence Nightingale herself was sleeping behind a screen in a storeroom. Such were the inauspicious circumstances of Fanny Tylor’s arrival in Scutari.
Florence Nightingale, however, evidently made the best of the new arrivals. On the third day after her arrival at Scutari she sent for Fanny Taylor to accompany her on one of her nightly rounds. Of this first tour Fanny Taylor gave a poignant and harrowing account. Florence Nightingale then assigned her three and a half corridors with adjacent wards - in all about fifteen hundred patients. Miss Nightingale was strict in her instructions. The nurses and lady assistants were allowed to offer help only with the express permission and direct request of the doctors.

After Scoutari, Fanny Taylor went to work at the hospital at Koulali. Florence Nightingale had asked for volunteers and Fanny Taylor decided to go. At Koulali the ladies had had a good deal of trouble with the nurses. This misconduct of the paid nurses had been so disgraceful that one batch after another had had to be sent home. To the profound astonishment of the ladies, the authorities had taken umbrage at these dismissals, and had actually asked for particulars. A dignified reply had been sent by the ladies, reminding the authorities at home that their superintendent’s duties did not include the reformation of women of loose character and immoral habits. Fanny Taylor gives an account of these dismissals. In this and many other matters Fanny Taylor’s Eastern Hospitals is one of the most important first-hand accounts of Florence Nightingale and of English Nursing in the Crimea.

When Fanny Taylor left England she was a devout member of the Church of England. On April 14, 1855 she was admitted to the Catholic faith. It was said that the great faith, patience and resignation of wounded Irish soldiers who she tended had made a great impact. The “Religious Difficulty” was one of the chief impediments to Florence Nightingale’s mission; she had strictly to prohibit proselytising by nurses either protestant or catholic amongst their charges on pain of dismissal. In the case of Fanny Taylor, who went on to become a Catholic Nun we have an extraordinary reversal of a Protestant lady converted to Catholicism by the example of the sick soldiers. It was not something Florence Nightingale would have wished publicised and there is nothing on it in Cook’s Biography.


GENERAL HISTORY OF NURSING


1883
ARMY HOSPITALS AND NURSING IN THE FIELD

82. (ARMY HOSPITAL SERVICES INQUIRY.) Report of a committee appointed by the Secretary of State for war, to inquire into the organization of the army hospital corps, hospital management and nursing in the field, and the sea transport of sick and wounded; together with minutes of evidence, appendix, and index. London. HMSO. 1883. [C.-3607.] Folio. lii,771pp + 3 plates (two folding). Rebound in green cloth, black label.


NURSES IN THE LONDON HOSPITAL

83. BEASANT, Walter. Life in a hospital, being an East End chapter. Reprinted by Permission from the “Gentlemans Magazine.” London. Eden Fisher and Co. [1883.] 24pp. Original front printed wrapper with end wrapper renewed.

A vivid account of the London Hospital in the East End of London, with description of medical provision for the poor who lived there and particularly of the nurses, nursing sisters and matrons; their uniforms, their hours and conditions of work etc.


1892-3
MIDWIVES REGISTRATION BILL

84. (SELECT COMMITTEE ON MIDWIVES’ REGISTRATION BILL.) Report from the select committee on Midwives’ registration; together with the proceedings of the committee, minutes of evidence, appendix and index. [289]. London. HMSO. 1892 [289]. Folio. viii,173pp. Original blue printed wrappers.

with

(SELECT COMMITTEE ON MIDWIVES’ REGISTRATION BILL.) Report from the select committee on Midwives’ Registration; with the proceedings of the committee. London. HMSO. 1893 [376]. Folio. 32p. Sewn as issued.

Preserved in purpose-made tied boards. A good copy.

Ford and Ford Select list of British Parliamentary Papers, 1833-1899, p. 82. The complete report.


1894
FIRST AID TO INJURED AND MANAGEMENT OF SICK

85. LAWLESS, E. J. The Bearers Companion. First aid to the injured and management of the sick; an ambulance handbook and elementary manual of nursing for volunteer bearers and others. By E. J. Lawless, M.D., D.P.H. surgeon-captain, 4th V. B. East Surrey Regiment. Illustrated with forty-nine engravings. Edinburgh and London. Young J. P. Pentland. 1894. xvi,262,16pp. Original brown cloth. A good copy.


1898

86. (NURSES’ HANDBOOK.) The nurses’ handbook and catalogue of nursing requisites. S. Maw and Son and Thomson. 7 to 12, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C. London. McCorquodale and Co. Limited. [1898]. 194pp. With a large number of illustrations. Original green cloth. In very good condition.

The first part of the book is made up of a text describing the duties of nurses to which is added a dictionary of medical terms. Part II contains a “Catalogue of Nursing Requisites” which constitute an illustrated catalogue of nursing instruments etc. on offer by S. Maw, Son and Thompson.


1902
COMMITTEE INTO AN ADEQUATE SUPPLY OF NURSES
FOR WORKHOUSE NURSING

87. REPORT. Departmental Committee on Workhouse Nursing. Report of the Departmental Committee appointed by the President of the Local Government Board to enquire into the Nursing of the Sick Poor in Workhouses. Part I Report and Summary of Recommendations. London. HMSO. 1902. [Cd. 1366].

With

REPORT. Departmental Committee on Workhouse Nursing. Minutes of evidence taken before the committee appointed by the President of the Local Government Board to enquire into the Nursing of the Sick Poor in Workhouses. Part II. London. HMSO. 1902. [Cd. 1367]. Folio. 210pp. Rebound in green cloth, black label.

Ford and Ford A Breviate of Parliamentary Papers 1900-1916. p. 242. The Complete Report. The purpose of the report was to inquire into the nursing the sick poor in workhouses and to look into the method of obtaining an adequate supply of nurses, the qualifications for nurses etc. With information on the social class from which nurses tended to be drawn, the training necessary for workhouse nursing, the various grades on nurses, remuneration etc.
The appendix includes “Memoranda as to workhouse nursing,” by Louisa Twining and “Extracts from Memoranda of Miss Nightingale as to Workhouse nursing.”


MIDWIVES ACT

88. (DEPARTMENTAL COMMITTEE ON THE WORKING OF THE MIDWIVES ACT.) Midwives Act Committee. Report of the departmental committee appointed by the Lord President of the council to consider the working of the Midwives Act, 1902. Vol. 1. Report and Appendices. [Cd. 4822.]. London. HMSO. [1902]. Folio, iii,[1],51pp.

With

(DEPARTMENTAL COMMITTEE ON THE WORKING OF THE MIDWIVES ACT.) Midwives Act Committee. Report of the departmental committee appointed by the Lord President of the council to consider the working of the Midwives Act, 1902. Vol. II. Minutes of evidence and index. [Cd. 4823.]. London. HMSO. [1902]. Folio, v,255pp.
Original blue printed wrappers. A fine set. Preserved in purpose-made tied boards.

Ford and Ford A Breviate of British Parliamentary Papers, 1900-1916 p. 280. The complete report.


1925
POOR LAW NURSING

89. BARTON, Eleanor C. The history and progress of poor-law nursing. With a preface by Sir Arthur Downes, MD. London. Law and Local Government Publications Limited. n.d. [c.1925]. 26pp. Pale blue cloth, faded.

With a history of Poor Law Nursing including references to Florence Nightingale, William Rathbone, Louisa Twining and a chapter devoted to Florence Nightingale’s protege Agnes Jones of Liverpool, the first nurse attached to a city workhouse.


1927
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE BY DAME MARY SCHARLIEB M.D.

90. MARTIN, Hugh. Christian social reformers of the nineteenth century. By James Adderley, A. Fenner Brockway [et. al.] London. Student Christian Movement. 1927. 242pp. Original brown cloth A fine copy. From the Hammond Memorial Library Drighlington, with bookplate.

Chapter V (pp 117-142) by Dame Mary Scharlieb is on Florence Nightingale.
Other chapters include Anthony Ashley Cooper, Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, John Malcolm Ludlow, and George Cadbury.


1932

91. (LANCET COMMISSION ON NURSING.) The Lancet Commission Nursing. Appointed in December 1930, to inquire into the reasons for the shortage of candidates, trained and untrained, for nursing the sick in general and special hospitals throughout the country, and to offer suggestions for making the service more attractive to women suitable for this work. Final report. London. The Lancet Ltd. 1932. 256pp. Original printed wrappers.

 
MODERN REFERENCE

92. GOLDIE, Sue M. “I have done my duty”. Florence Nightingale in the Crimean War 1854-56. Manchester University Press. 1987. 326pp. Cloth, dust jacket. Fine copy.


93. SMALL, Hugh. Florence Nightingale. Avenging angel. London Constable. 1998. 221pp. Cloth, dust jacket. Mint copy.


94. WAKE, Roy. The Nightingale Training School 1860-1996. London. Haggerston Press. 1998. 265pp. Cloth, dust jacket. Mint.


95. WYMER, Norman. Lives of Great Men and Women Series I. Social reformers. Oxford University Press. 1955. Red cloth.
A chapter is devoted to Florence Nightingale. Other chapters on Dr. Barnardo, Robert Owen, Lord Shaftesbury, etc.


96. YEO, Geoffrey. Nursing at Bart’s. A history of nursing service and nurse education at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital London. Alan Sutton Publishing. 1995. 157pp. Cloth, dust jacket. Mint copy.

 
BIBLIOGRAPHY

97. BISHOP, W. J. and GOLDIE, Sue. A bio-bibliography of Florence Nightingale. London. Dawsons of Pall Mall. 1962. 160pp. Blue cloth. Neat ex-lib. A good copy.

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